Voice and Agency: Subversive Feminist Narratives in Select Contemporary Indian Retellings

Abstract

This study aims to examine the transformation of Sita's character in the works of Volga and Amish Tripathi, analysing how these authors challenge traditional patriarchal narratives in Indian mythology through the lens of Judith Butler's theory of gender performativity. Butler's concept of gender performativity, which postulates that gender is constructed through repetitive acts and can be subverted through alternative performances, provides the theoretical framework for this analysis. Volga's narrative emphasises female solidarity, portraying Sita's empowerment through interactions with other women. This approach substantiates how collective performative acts can challenge established gender norms. Amish Tripathi reconstructs Sita as a warrior and leader, directly subverting traditional gender roles. This reimagining illustrates how gender identities can be actively reshaped through new forms of performance. Both authors present Sita as an empowered figure, contrasting sharply with her traditional portrayal as passive and submissive. This transformation represents a deliberate disruption of the repetitive acts that have historically defined Sita's character. This study endeavours to reveal how literary reinterpretations of mythological figures can serve as powerful sites for challenging and reshaping gender norms and concludes by suggesting that these narratives not only empower her character but also can promote gender equality by offering counter-narratives that challenge traditional gender roles.