A Critical & Comparative Study of Freudian Concept with Bhagwad Geeta

“Shrimad Bhagwad Geeta” is a part of the great epic ‘Mahabharata” written thousands of years back by the sage Ved Vyaas. The book has eighteen chapters, which contain the quintessence of the entire philosophy and vast ocean of spiritual knowledge of Vedas, Upnishads, Shastras, combined with all the other scriptures and literatures of the ancient India and Sanatan Hindus. But Bhagwad Geeta is not for a particular person, or religion, race, caste, or country, rather it is that divine treasure of knowledge that has been given by the Lord Krishna Himself to the entire humanity. Each individual, who is alive and breathing on this earth, has an equal claim and right over the unparalleled and liberating knowledge of this wonderful song sung by Krishna. Saying anything about Bhagwad Geeta is like showing a lamp to the sun but at the same time it is absolutely pertinent and important to keep spreading the most invaluable gems and pearls of this divine source of knowledge with people in this era when everyone around seems to be stressed and depressed mentally, psychologically, emotionally, and spiritually because this great scripture has the immense potential within itself to answer all the questions and complications that are facing the modern civilizations and men today. It is the elixir that can bring the humanity to immortality and can free it of all the psychological bondages and make it healthy and blissful forever. This research paper attempts to draw the similarities between the theories of Freudian psychologically and the teachings from Geeta and at the same time it endeavours to highlight how this scripture marvelously resolves all the conflicts that remain unanswered by the modern scientific psychological thought. 


Introduction
Few Quotes on Bhagwad Geeta "How much more admirable the Bhagwad Geeta than all the ruins of the East" "Walden" by Henry David Thoreau "You who came to port, and you whose bodies Will suffer the trial and judgement of the sea, Or whatever event, this is your real destination." So Krishna, as when he admonished Arjuna SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH e-ISSN: 2582-3574 p-ISSN: 2582-4406 VOL. 8, ISSUE 4, APRIL 2020 www.ijellh.com 92 On the field of battle.
Not fare well, but fare forward, voyagers".
In Dry salvages by T.S. Eliot "That the spiritual man need not be a recluse, that union with the divine life may be achieved and maintained in the midst of worldly affairs, that the obstacles to that union lie not outside us but within us-such is the central lesson of the Bhagvad Gita." From "The Lord's Song" by Annie Besant "I owed a magnificent day to the Bhagavad Gita. It was as if an empire spoke to us, nothing small or unworthy, but large, serene, consistent, the voice of an old intelligence which in another age and climate had pondered and thus disposed of the same questions which exercise us."

Ralph Waldo Emerson
The Gita is the universal mother. She turns away nobody. Her door is wide open to anyone who knocks. A true votary of Gita does not know what disappointment is. He ever dwells in perennial joy and peace that passeth understanding. But that peace and joy come not to skeptic or to him who is proud of his intellect or learning. It is reserved only for the humble in spirit who brings to her worship a fullness of faith and an undivided singleness of mind. There never was a man who worshipped her in that spirit and went disappointed. I find a solace in the Bhagavad-  between it takes the form of a discourse also. This entire conversation of Bhagwad Geeta has been translated into many languages and published all over the world.

"A Critical and Comparative Study of Freudian Concept with Bhagwad Geeta"
The word "Personality comes from the Latin word "Persona" which was used to convey the meaning of a "theatrical mask" that artists used to wear while performing different roles on the stage. In today's world, this word represents the image of a person as perceived by others while playing or performing different social roles in his/her day to day life. Sigmund Freud while using the "Pleasure Principle" in "Scientific Psychology" of 1895, and in the "two principles of mental functioning of 1911" tried to firmly establish that "human that comes out is that it gives a psychological assurance to every human being on earth that they are not destined to doom; and they do have within themselves the enormous potential psychologically, emotionally, intellectually to not only cure themselves of any psychological ailment, but also to become the controller and owner of their own destiny. Secondly, it doesn't give undue importance to sexual aspect of life and that too at such a tender age.
Actually, there are two underlying principle of these psycho sexual stages as defined by Freud.
The first one is, all children are born with a sexual drive called "libido", and the second one that while passing through those stages a child experiences inner psychological conflict between his physical drives & the set of social behavioral traits expected of him. But now the modern medical science has also established the general age of puberty to be around 13 years in girls and around 15 years in boys and therefore the claims of Sigmund Freud do not stand the ground at least fully and completely.
Indian thought has been very clear in this regard. In "Bhagwad Geeta" Lord Krishna urges Arjuna to become a "Yogi". The first and foremost principle of Yoga is "Yama" which again is formed by the combination of five different sub principles or axioms. These are Truth, Non-Violence, Non Stealing, Non possession, and "Brahmacharya" or "Celibacy".
Brahmacharya serves a double purpose in human life. It is important not only from spiritual point of view; but also it is very crucial in making a child emotionally, physically, mentally, and psychologically stable and nonvolatile at such a tender age. in the psycho sexual stages of childhood. Bhagvad Geeta, on the other hand, that Kaama (sexual instinct) although is an integral and essential part of human existence but it is the nonfulfillment of the desire, which produces anger and frustration in a human being and therefore he asks Arjuna to gain victory over this strong enemy as its hunger is insatiable and it makes a human being lose his conscience. (Chapter 3 verse 43) The most important part of Freudian theory is the concept of "existence at least three different levels of human consciousness" as perceived by him. According to him the three levels are Id, Ego, and Super Ego. Freud presented a hypothetical model of mind which he later described through the analogy of an iceberg. The human mind according to Freud has three levels namely conscious, sub-conscious, and unconscious. The conscious mind is the small visible part of the iceberg (mind) and contains the information that we know presently. The subconscious part lies just under the conscious mind and contains the stored information, which may be used just with a little effort of memorizing. In other words, the information from it can be transferred to the conscious brain as and when needed. The unconscious mind is the biggest part of the iceberg lying deep into the water of the ocean about which we are unaware and cannot become aware about. In fact, the entire purpose and objective of psychoanalysis is to make the unconscious conscious. This model of mind is called hypothetical because these three areas are not physical in nature but only exist in theory. The unconscious part of human brain according to Sigmund Freud is like a vessel that contains the most primordial wishes and feelings of a human.
Id is a part of unconscious brain model of According to Bhagwad Geeta human nature consists of three attributes (Guna) which are Sattwa, Raajas, and Tamas (Chapter 14 verse 5). The "tamas" is akin to Id, Ego is akin to "Raajas" and "Super Ego" is similar to Sattwa. However, they are a little close yet there is a remarkable distance and difference between them. The three attributes mentioned by Krishna in Geeta are not limited to human nature, but they encompass everything that exists in this nature and universe. So, the circumference of the Gunas as described by Krishna has within itself the entire existence (Chapter 14 Verse 3). According to Krishna, a true Yogi knows that body, "Buddhi" (intellect), or even the Mann (Emotional Aspect) is not the performer of the actions but it is all the result of interplay and interaction of three universal attributes (Triguna) (Chapter 3 Verse 27-28). When a person knows himself as the doer of all the actions then he automatically takes the credit of the good results or feels guilty by taking the blame unto himself.
Both the situation are a departure from a balanced state of mind and therefore produces imbalance in the mental state thereby ultimately bringing some kind of psychological ailment or sickness which is harmful for the human psychology. aren't able to induce any attachment, fear, and anger into a person then that is the personality one should strive for. Here Krishna explained this fact through the analogy of a tortoise which folds all its limbs and saves himself from being seen and getting recognized by others so in the same manner a wise person should take his mind away from all the desires because it is these desires which become the root cause of all psychological illness (Chapter 2 verse 58). He went ahead to explain this further through another fine example of a boat sailing in a river which gets swayed by the wind is similar to mind, which is under the control of the lust and desire produced in the does not understand anything in this concern like a foolish. Here Krishna is freeing the mind of a person from all types of the undue stress that arises from the sense of responsibility to perform, the pride which takes birth from taking the credit of the success and the guilt from the failure.
The mutually conflicting and dueling pair of success and failure is again not allowed by Lord Krishna in a very subtle psychological manner to negatively affect the emotions of a human being and make him ill mentally and psychologically. Sigmund Freud has put the entire focus on the sexuality and libido as the decisive factor in the moulding of the human personality but Bhagwad Geeta says that senses act at the deeper level than the physical body and hence are more powerful than it, the "Mann" or the emotional aspect of consciousness is beyond the senses and controls it. The intellect or the "Buddhi" aspect of consciousness is more powerful similarly than the "Mann" and the "Aatman" exist even above the intellect and hence is the most powerful and is the real self of all the human beings (Chapter 2 Verse 42).

Conclusion
The aim of any scientific study is to put it into practice after verifying its concepts; but the primary limitation with the Freudian principle is that although it can be used to explain certain behaviour and cure few psychological ailments up to a certain extent, but it cannot help in predicting behaviour of people. It sees the body and the sexual energy behind all the problems and has gone too far in explaining even the adult behaviour in terms of sexual development stages of persons from childhood. Lord Krishna has given a comprehensive understanding of human nature and personality from many different angles and aspects. The need today is to inculcate our age old learning from our own culture into the studies and analysis of questions that are related to not only human personality, but entire human society because only then we shall be able to create a happy and healthy humanity. We shall be able to gain victory over all our