Eco-critical Elements in the Selected Poems of Jayanta Mahapatra

Jayanta Mahapatra is a well-known, distinguished, Indo-Anglican writer whose poems and short stories are acknowledged worldwide. He was awarded the Sahithya Akademi Award for his work Relationship in 1981, which enabled him to gain the name of one of the doyens of Indian English Poetry. His major themes are all linked with his native place Orissa. His poems mentions Puri, Konarka, Chilika lake, Bhubaneswar recurrently and each of them are pictured in detail. An Ecocritical study on his poems is worth probing as it deserves more attention and consideration in the current state of environmental crisis. His sole inspiration is his interaction with the nature and his intimate relationship to it. As ecocriticism rightly perceives it as the study of the relationship between human and nature, deserves a detailed study with his poems. River daya in his poem takes the role of a bearer of history and is the memory of the past valor and glory of Orissa. The study here focuses on the elements of ecocriticism in his selected poems.


Introduction
The identity of people is determined by their place. In order to know people and their identity, it is necessary to know where they belong. It is what plays a key role in shaping one's nature and character. Environment's role thus cannot be denied in shaping a person's physical, emotional and spiritual aspects. The place of a person develops a sense of love and affinity and moulds a person's conscience. It is one's source of inspiration to develop a particular thought process and the experience that one gains from them reflects their psyche. It is this sense of home that initiates the influence in people to feel for the nation whom they belong to and comes the role of nostalgia if they are away from their respective home lands. Studies show that people are more affected by the environment to develop the boundaries of their birthplace experiences.

Ecocriticism in Literary Analysis
Eco-criticism covers the relationship between the human beings and the environment.
It is always aware that human beings are connected continuously with nature irrespective of their ethnicity. It also takes up various issues related to interior and exterior of the human SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH e-ISSN: 2582-3574 p-ISSN: 2582-4406 VOL. 8, ISSUE 5, MAY 2020 www.ijellh.com 3 experiences. As always the human connection with the nature is lauded, the interaction with it also asserts concern over the environmental issues. Eco-criticism is an inter-disciplinary connection, raises various issues related to environmental crisis. The recent academic fraternity questions the western discourse of duality thinking as the separated notion of human being with the environs. It is by this, eco-criticism gains more importance in the recent years. It is appreciated that the academic world is dedicated and probing their concerns in the environmental literature. There are various disciplines of eco-criticism like deep-ecology, ecofeminism, social ecology, and environmental justice that plays a parallel role.
Ecocriticism deals with a variety of actions that they undergo to substantiate their interdisciplinary existence. It testifies the notion of ecological thinking in the process of development of a work of art. It gives a clear picture of its growth and support. It is also conscious of the slow growth of the work of art which contribute to the more genuine sense to the life. It also verifies the ecological content by reflective irony in the acute idea of environmental crisis and danger. Eco-critical reading doesn't stick to a single issue but is widespread and eclectic. It shares a diverse biosphere that it never pictures the abstruse symbolism. The aspect re-reads the works of art in the ecological perspective and concentrates on the relevance and representation of the natural world.
Ecocriticism covers wide range of aspects such as energy, balance, mutuality, imbalance, sustainable use of resources. It gives preference to people who explains and deconstructs nature. It explores the areas of regional literature, travelogues, and essays and its critical practices. It never appreciates the social constructivism as the nature is prioritized. It shifts the thoughts to connections beyond human world and emphasizes the eco-centric values and cultural responsibilities.
As Donelle Dresse rightly says that, "Understanding the self requires an understanding of what the self is not" (Dresse 2).The understanding of a self is characterized by what it is not. The birth place creates the self or identity of a person's experience. It initiates the impact on people even they are unaware of it. The unconscious response of people with related to the birthplace gradually connects them when they grow up. The sense of a region also affects negatively if they had bad experiences in their past. Regionalism is a very sensual aspect in a human being that the smell, hear and feel of the place will have a lasting effect in them. It complements highly emotional and mental situations when considering the people who neglect their birthplace while they grow, but when they are away from it, the feeling of nostalgia creeps in drastically and it maintains the sense of regionalism until it is quenched by any emotional experience. People are after the connection among human beings and finds it disastrous when they fail in its attempt. The sense of regionalism is one that quench the idea of connection in its basic level that it connects one's self to one's own. Thus the connection to ourselves makes man more expressive to one's own surrounding which is more relevant in a sociological way of living.
The derivation of regionalism is essential in the study through post-colonial and eco-