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Religious and Cultural Differences and Youth of India in The Novels of Chetan Bhagat Tiwari, Sapna “Chetan Bhagat” is the writer of five bestselling novels in Indian writing in English. He is the writer of the young generation and he has raised problems of youth through his novels. This paper attempts to the differences between the various cultures and different religions existing in India being portrayed in his novels. The research shows the actual picture of the society where vividness and then unity have come up in a shape. Smart Moves 2013-06-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/2 10.24113/ijellh.v1i1.2 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013): Volume I Issue I June 2013; 5 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/2/2 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

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oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/4 2023-12-16T09:54:53Z OJS:ART driver

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/5 2021-08-20T14:31:19Z OJS:ART driver

Inter Caste Marriage and Indian society in the Novels of Chetan Bhagat Tiwari, Sapna  “Chetan Bhagat” is the writer of young generation. He is the writer of modern India and he has put up many problems of youth through his novels. This research paper attempts the differences of the cultures and inter caste marriages in India being portrayed in his novels. The research shows the actual picture of North and South India where the parents of the hero and the heroine think more about the society and its custom and rituals instead of the happiness of their children. Smart Moves 2013-06-28 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/5 10.24113/ijellh.v1i1.5 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013): Volume I Issue I June 2013; 1-4 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/5/5 Copyright (c) 2013 Sapna Tiwari http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/6 2020-06-04T13:53:32Z OJS:ART driver

A Journey Down The Lane In Past Memories Rohinton Mistry’s Aspects of Immigration Jaolkar, Dr. Vikas   Rohinton Mistry was born and brought up in Mumbai in the mid fifty’s, migrated to Canada at the age of 23. Mistry belongs to that class of the Indian authors who shifted their base from India to somewhere else but throughout their lives continue missing their mother land. We can easily recall a beautiful song of the movie “Namste London” which says “Main Jahan rahoon main kahin bhi rahoon Teri yaad saath he” means “where ever I am but your memories are always there with me.” The acute pain and feeling of not being with the people who are like you, who speaks your language can be better , felt and expressed by exiled or immigrant writers . Such people might be physically away from their own motherland but deep in their hearts always keep on missing their motherland. According to Hudson “A nation’s life has its moods of exultation and depression, its epochs a strong faith and strenuous idealism now of doubt struggle and disillusion, now of unbelief and flippant disregard for the sanctities of existence and while the manner of expression will vary greatly with the individuality of each writer the dominant spirit of the hour whatever they may be will directly or indirectly reveal itself in his work”. (1) According to Goethe’s statement “Everyman is the citizen of his age as well as of his country.”(2) The impact and influence of the age, psyche, cultural heritage and political up down on the Author’s mind is due to the fact that later is constantly influenced by the spirit of all above fastness and reacts to it vividly and vigorously. Although he left India in 1975 and does not often go back, Mistry told a British Magazine that he feels no hindrance in writing about this home country “So far I have had no difficulty writing about it, even though I have been away for so long”, he said “All fiction relies on the real world in the sense that we all face in the world through our five senses and we accumulate details, consciously or subconsciously. This accumulation of debt can be drawn on when you write fiction. (3) The beauty and delicacy with which Mistry has portrayed the experience of immigration, the immense pain of not being with your own people, no author has done it so far. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/6 10.24113/ijellh.v1i1.6 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2013): Volume I Issue I June 2013; 1-7 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/6/6

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/7 2017-05-19T11:20:07Z OJS:ART driver

Redefining the Body as a Cultural Signifier in Salman Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children Chamling, Rosy Abstract Abstract This paper will attempt to redefine the notion of the body as a cultural signifier through Salman Rushdie’s celebrated novel Midnight’s Children ( 1980). Down the ages, postcolonial subjects have been objects of ‘’difference’ or ‘otherness’. One of the principal ways in which this ‘otherness’ is perpetuated has been through the most visible sign of the body. The body therefore becomes a kind of a ‘literal text’ through which the suffering of the colonized is rendered. However, Rushdie in Midnight’s Children defies the colonized idea of the body as a means of perpetuating ‘difference’; instead this paper will focus on how the post-colonial subject will use his body as a site of resistance and celebrate his ‘otherness’. This paper will also focus through Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children on why there is the need to redefine this western notion of beauty/ body. The image of ‘dismemberment’ so predominant in Midnight’s Children point therefore not just to the psychic dismemberment of the colonized but it will also be analyzed as an attempt to reintegration. This paper attempts to analyze the notion of the body as a cultural signifier through Rushdie’s much acclaimed novel Midnight’s Children. It has been argued that postcolonial subjects have been looked at as objects of ‘difference’ or ‘otherness’; and one of the principal ways in which this ‘otherness’ has been perpetuated has been through the most visible sign of the body. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/7 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2013): Volume I Issue II August 2013; 1-10 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/7/7

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/8 2017-05-19T11:20:07Z OJS:ART driver

Miscarriage of Cabinet Mission Plan 1946 Truncated India, Truncated Pakistan and Truncated Humanity Tongo, Prof. Manish Thompson, Dr. Dora Chhabriy, Prof. Mamta Abstract From evolutionary to revolutionary, from conciliatory to belligerent, from co-operation to non cooperation, India’s freedom for struggle had unpredictable oscillations. Once jewel in the crown of British Empire became an Achilles hill. The insurmountable challenges from domestic and international arena made British Empire take a somber decision to Divide and Quit. This paper highlights the British cabinet mission to India and how it ended in a fiasco ultimately collapsing the bridge between the two communities leaving the scope open for perennial skirmishes. In India during post-war 1945, the the penultimate scene of the political drama and sense of abnegation of what was once a precious jewel in the crown of British catapulted the political euphoria to the front. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/8 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2013): Volume I Issue II August 2013; 1-6 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/8/8

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/9 2017-05-19T11:20:07Z OJS:ART driver

To Relegate The Fringes of Marginalized Women in The Social Milieu: A Comparative Study of R.K.Narayan’s The Dark Room and Anita Nair’s Mistress , S.Suganya Abstract In the present-day world the suppressed people come forward from their marginalized position and try to voice out their concerns. This in turn has a remarkable strength on the writings of this age. The consciousness of the writings has also become multi-dimensional where a character is supposed and is offered with all the follies as well as noble qualities. A close look at the contemporary literary development expose the reality that the spectator’s point of view is getting old-fashioned, and writings about marginal people remain in the denotative level whereas the writings by the suppressed people replicate the first-hand experience that becomes a work of fine art, for an effort of art should be exact to life and close to life. Hence, the challenge before the contemporary writer is to engrave the unwritten through denaturalizing the natural, for in the traditional set up natural is not natural but it is the formed event as culture or tradition. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/9 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2013): Volume I Issue II August 2013; 1-12 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/9/9

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/10 2017-05-19T11:20:07Z OJS:ART driver

Whitman’s ‘A Woman Waits For Me’ And Eve’s First Speech (Paradise Lost Bk. IV): Feminine Voices Pal , Prof. Sayantan Abstract It is generally accepted and sometimes proved also that feminine voices always have been subjected to domination. The domination may be by men or by women themselves. In Whitman’s “A Woman Waits for Me’, the male voice rules over the female. The poet uses women as a machine that produces “perfect men and women” who well-serve his purpose of patriotism. He sings lauding of sex, the play that brings races in the world. He chooses worthy women. In the whole poem a male voice dominates and smothers the female voice. I have taken Eve’s first speech in Paradise Lost, Book IV as an answer to Whitman’s poem. In Eve’s first speech there is surrender and submission to the will of men. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/10 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2013): Volume I Issue II August 2013; 1-10 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/10/10

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/11 2017-05-19T11:20:07Z OJS:ART driver

Rich Culture, Poor Acceptance: A Case of Moribund Status of Cultural Studies in Engineering Syllabus Thompson, Dr. Mrs. Dora Thompson, Dr. Mrs. Dora D, Rupali Londhe Abstract India has a rich cultural history and continues to preserve it beautifully. India has accepted gracefully the good qualities of different religions which led to the rise of many different cultures in this mystical sub-continent. Different rulers and empires came here and ruled and left behind a rich legacy of their cultural heritage. The Indian cultural history is very rich and has carved a niche of its own. It continues to inspire other cultures of the world. Every state in India has a culture of its own and even then they all stand unified and form one single culture of India. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/11 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2013): Volume I Issue II August 2013; 1-6 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/11/11

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/12 2017-05-19T11:37:29Z OJS:ART driver

Discourses of Nation-State towards Constructing Floating Subjects: A study of V. S. Naipaul’s Half a Life Kaur, Manpreet Abstract 'Postcolonial' is a multifaceted and contentious term. To define it in universally acceptable terms is quite impossible because of the doubt and suspicion allied to this relatively new field of literary studies. The attempt of this paper is to study V. S. Naipaul's novel Half a Life to bring forth the underlining beliefs and ideologies responsible for the birth of postcolonial nation-states. The focus is also on understanding the effects of migration and immigration on personal relations. The present research paper attempts to foreground the miserable conditions of the lives of subaltern people at their own inherited land as well as on the foreign lands and their continuous struggle and hope of assimilation in the postcolonial nationstates.V. S. Naipaul's Half a Life deals with the themes of cultural conflicts, migration, rumination, globalization, multiculturalism, political struggles and hope of assimilation. Further this research paper will expose the gamut of issues including the multiple exclusion and distribution faced by postcolonial nation-states, threats of migration, loss of identity, globalization, and economic disparity. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/12 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 3 (2013): Volume I Issue III October 2013; 1-10 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/12/12

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/13 2017-05-19T11:37:29Z OJS:ART driver

A Paradigmatic Shift in E.L.T, Empowerment Of English Classroom Independent Learning Strategies Satyanarayan, Dr. P. RajaRao, G. Abstract This paper envisages the methods of Independent Learning Strategies in acquiring English language skills whereby English classrooms can be enriched in empowerment rather than to resort to old rote methods by way of teacher centered paradigm. The shift in English Language Teaching is paradigmatic in the sense the revamping of earlier methods is the order of the day. With the help of the electronic gadgets available, the methods planned in this paper are going to be a reality. The authors specified the objectives, furnished the definition of the term, gauged the evolution of E.L.T in brief and discussed the possible strategies with suitable illustrations wherever necessary. The strategies proposed are the outcome of classroom experiments and investigation giving scope for further work in this regard. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/13 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 3 (2013): Volume I Issue III October 2013; 1-7 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/13/13

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/14 2017-05-19T11:37:29Z OJS:ART driver

The Material Manifested: Lacanian Reading of Dissent in Folktales Nair, Veena R. Abstract In “Freud and Lacan”, Althusser enunciates that the Symbolic and the Imaginary “are dominated, governed and marked by a single law, the Law of the symbolic. . . . even the Imaginary . . . is marked and substituted in its dialectic by the dialectic of the Symbolic order itself, i.e. by the dialectic of human order, of the human norm . . . in the order of the signifier itself” (143-144). Lacan's Symbolic does not comprise a law in the positive sense; it bears all the differentiating features of social existence; a law that generates the feasibility of “acceptance, rejection, yes or no,” (Althusser “Freud” 143). The pliable desire is channelized through linguistic substitutions to maintain the basic instinct in to the developed stages of life. The Oedipal prohibition converts into more localized rules and laws - the “Law of Human Order” (Althusser Writings 28). The personation of the desire coheres with the established norms. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/14 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 3 (2013): Volume I Issue III October 2013; 1-18 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/14/14

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/15 2017-05-19T11:37:29Z OJS:ART driver

Restoring the Female: A Dialogic Discourse in Prince of Persia Chatterjee, Debmalya Abstract Restoring the chastity, life and honour of an endangered beautiful maiden from the hands of a devil or a dragon is a theme that had been utilised throughout the ages in literatures around the globe. In the Middle Ages, following the codes of conduct of chivalry, a knight used to rescue an innocent girl. In the Renaissance period, to describe a 'perfect gentleman' Ronald Carter and John McRae says that a gentleman embodies “the mediaeval virtues of the knight (the noble warrior), the lover (the man of passion), and the scholar (the man of learning)” (51). In the eighteenth century when Gothic novels began to emerge; with Frankenstein (1818) we see how the mad scientist was busy in saving his lady from the hands of an enraged monster. In a video game of the twentieth century like the Prince of Persia this tradition is maintained throughout where a wise Prince endangers his life to rescue his countrymen and his love. Kaileena is the dream of the warrior Prince and she is the Princess of Time; she has magical powers, but she is constantly threatened by a terrible monster named Dahaka. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/15 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 3 (2013): Volume I Issue III October 2013; 1-5 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/15/15

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/16 2017-05-19T11:37:29Z OJS:ART driver

Ecofeminist Discourse in Postcolonial India: A Critique of Capitalism, Modernity and Patriarchy Shoba, Dr. K. N. Abstract The term ecofeminism in India is not popular in the common parlance. But the kind of connections it has made between the lives of women and nature, between ideas of being a woman and being natural, the responsibilities of women towards their immediate environment (includes family), nature are very much present in discourses of media, NGO projects, corporate welfare schemes, academics, common perceptions, in environmental movements/activism and in writings/literature that deal not only with environment /nature but of all kinds. Therefore, the relevance of ecofeminism is not ecofeminism per se, but how the connections it makes have spread across various discourses in contemporary times in the Indian context. This paper investigates how ecofeminist influence lies in the problem that arises out of the kind of connections ecofeminism makes, the identities it talks about, its emphasis on certain kinds of connections and certain kinds of identities. The paper also intends to problematise the connections and identities that ecofeminism has produced and still produces--and therefore the relevance. And thus, instead of claiming ecofeminism to be passé, it would be more appropriate to say that it continues to enjoy various degrees and kinds of presence in discourses both academic and non-academic. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/16 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 3 (2013): Volume I Issue III October 2013; 1-12 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/16/16

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/17 2017-05-19T11:37:29Z OJS:ART driver

Approaches & Strategies for Teaching of Culture in English Language Classrooms Kumari, S. Kanya Abstract This paper examines the various roles of culture in language teaching with the aim of increasing awareness for English teachers. Graves (2001) claims that culture is receiving increasing attention; Hymes (1972) views it as communicative competence; Larsen-Freeman (2001) as a fifth skill in addition to reading, writing, speaking and listening; and Kramsch (1993) as not just a fifth skill or even an aspect of communicative competence but the underlying dimension of all one knows and does. Regardless of how we perceive culture, the importance of culture in English Language Teaching has never been more important. Raising awareness of aspects of culture such as various pronunciations, translatable and untranslatable words, approaches to culture, who should teach culture, strategies for teaching language and culture, as well as several innovations and new studies involving culture and ELT will be discussed here. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/17 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 3 (2013): Volume I Issue III October 2013; 1-9 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/17/17

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/18 2017-05-19T11:37:29Z OJS:ART driver

Mahesh Dattani’s on a Muggy Night in Mumbai: A Queer Reading Paul, Prof. Somnath Abstract The conspicuous absence of queer reading of the plays of Mahesh Dattani perhaps consolidates the assumptions that India is a tolerant nation and that urban middle class Indian society of which Dattani gives a potent portrayal in all his plays is inclusive in nature though preferring heterosexuality within marriage. A simplistic usage of the term 'queer' neglects its complex signification. When applied as a synonym for 'gay' or 'homosexual' the term queer fails to do justice to the political intervention it sets out to undertake and unfortunately ends up representing the very binary of homosexuality and heterosexuality that it tries to dissolve. Queer theory's emergence in Europe in the early years of 1990 was both an extension and a departure from gay and lesbian studies of the preceding decades. Deconstructive in spirit, queer movement encourages the study of gender and sexuality not from the angles created by patriarchal norms but from every possible side. The significance of queer theory remains in its examinations of social spaces, historical conventions and cultural institutions in the study Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/18 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 3 (2013): Volume I Issue III October 2013; 1-11 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/18/18

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/19 2017-05-19T11:37:29Z OJS:ART driver

The Psychological Condition of Women during Partition in Bhisham Sahni’s Novel ‘Tamas’ Sharma, Anubha Abstract The Partition of India and Pakistan was the most horrible event in the history of Asian continent in twentieth century. This inhumane event changed the life of innumerable people and many of them even lost their lives. The aftermath of the partition left the people into an era where there was chaos, anxiety, sorrow and devastation. This paper makes an attempt to analyze the psychological condition of women sufferers during the partition. It can be said that the women and girls were the worst victims of partition. The women of all the communities involved in the partition faced the violence and molestation in its most brutal form. Abduction, rape, kidnapping, forced marriages, killing for honour, forced to live in the brothels were the things which became a common treatment for the women and girls of the respective communities. The men folk of the opposite communities revenged the partition by violating, killing and mutilating the women of the other community. Bhishma Sahni has tried to portray the real situation of women of women Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/19 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 3 (2013): Volume I Issue III October 2013; 1-6 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/19/19

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/20 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

A Space of Their Own * A Comparative Perspective on Virginia Woolf’s * Mrs. Dalloway (1927) and Anita Desai’s * Where Shall We Go This Summer? (1975) Gupta, Dr. Chetna Abstract Virginia Woolf and Anita Desai become two distinguished women writers from different countries and milieus. Virginia Woolf came from a distinguished literary family in London. Her father Sir Leslie Stephan, worked as the editor of the Dictionary of National Biography and the Cornhill Magazine. As a writer, Leslie Stephan authorized a number of biographical and philosophical essays. Woolf’s mother, Julia Stephan, was known for her beauty and royal mien. Consequently, Virginia Woolf and her siblings were brought up in the rich ambience of intellect and cultural excellence. Thus, Woolf’s mind from the young age got nurtured in a literary atmosphere strengthened by literary pursuits. After the death of her father in 1904, she lived mostly with her brother and sister. Woolf’s dwelling place at Grand Square in London also became the centre of ‘Blooms berry Group’. In 1912, Virginia married Leonard Woolf and in 1917 they formed the Hogarth Press, which published all her novels. Anita Desai was born in Mussoorie, India, on June 24, 1937. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/20 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-14 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/20/20

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/21 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

Shashi Deshpande’s That Long Silence: Jaya’s Odyssey from Feminine to Feminism Malik, Rashmi Abstract This paper envisages the methods of Independent Learning Strategies in acquiring English language skills whereby English classrooms can be enriched in empowerment rather than to resort to old rote methods by way of teacher centered paradigm. The shift in English Language Teaching is paradigmatic in the sense the revamping of earlier methods is the order of the day. With the help of the electronic gadgets available, the methods planned in this paper are going to be a reality. The authors specified the objectives, furnished the definition of the term, gauged the evolution of E.L.T in brief and discussed the possible strategies with suitable illustrations wherever necessary. The strategies proposed are the outcome of classroom experiments and investigation giving scope for further work in this regard. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/21 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-10 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/21/21

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/22 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

Lin’s Quest for Space in Nancy Huston’s “Slow Emergencies” Priya, T. Abstract Feminism is born from women’s desire to have a fair and equal treatment with men. Feminists have been vociferously fighting against the laws of patriarchy which had silenced and victimized womanhood. They advocate and promote a humanist attitude towards women with egalitarian perspectives, the gender inequality being a social and cultural construction. Women’s increasing consciousness provides new dimensions to their role in this modern world. To the modern woman, the quest for identity is the main concern. She is beginning to create a Space for her existence. Nancy Huston’s “ Slow Emergencies ” explores the story of a married woman who is torn between domestic love and professional love. Her anxiety and obsession of losing her identity forces her to make a daring move. This paper focuses on women’s strong desire to carve a niche ,the much yearned space in this new world Main body: One is not born a woman But rather becomes a woman. Simone de Beauvoir, The Second Sex. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/22 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-7 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/22/22

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/23 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

“Am I Intelligent/Idiot”? RANGARAJAN, S. Abstract A few only succeed why? They know life is an interview. They always ready to try They know life is new. Many curse their fate Their minds are tolet They never become great So, they easily get-out Actually, Who’re wise? And who’re fools? Knowing how to fool? Are wise Unfortunately, others are fools. Am I intelligent or idiot? No doubt, I’m an intelligent idiot Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/23 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-1 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/23/23

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/24 2020-06-04T13:53:32Z OJS:ART driver

Gandhian Method of Conflict Resolution: Perception of Educated Youths kar, Dr. P. K. Gandhiji’s method of conflict resolution was based on truth and non-violence. Truth was for him the image of God. He did not believe in personal God. For Gandhi truth is God and God is truth. Life is a laboratory where experiments are carried on. That is why he named his autobiography “My Experiment with Truth”, without these experiments truth cannot be achieved. According to Gandhi, the sayings of a pure soul which possesses nonviolence, non-stealing, true speech, celibacy and non-possession is truth. The truth of Gandhiji was not confined to any country or community. In other words , his religion had no geographical limits. His patriotism was not different from the service of human beings but was its part and parcel(Mishra:102). Gandhiji developed an integral approach and perspective to the concept of life itself on the basis of experience and experiments. His ideas ,which came to be known to be his philosophy, were a part of his relentless search for truth(Iyer:270). The realization of this truth is possible only with the help of non-violence The negative concept of Ahimsa presupposes the absence of selfishness, jealousy and anger, but the positive conception of ahimsa demands the qualities of love ,liberalism, patience, resistance of injustice, and brutal force. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/24 10.24113/ijellh.v1i6.24 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-9 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/24/24

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/25 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

English Language Assessment: Theory and Practice .M.A, Dr. Sajitha Abstract Language testing at any level is a highly complex undertaking that must be based on theory as well as practice. A language assessment system focusing only on Reading and Writing is outmoded and need to be modified, especially in this electronic era when the oral skills are dominating other skills.This paper analyses various techniques employed in language testing and examines the guiding principles of assessment. It investigates the assessment systems followed at CBSE, SSC, ICSE, IGCSE and the undergraduate levels. It advocates the urgency of assessing all the four skills which will be beneficial for students of different levels of intelligence. The Four Skill Assessment and Alternative Assessments are suggested remedies for improving the standard of English amongst the students. When students learn English as a Second Language, they face various problems. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/25 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-8 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/25/25

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/26 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

Women and Human Rights: Some Reflections in North East India Devi, Prof. Somnath Abstract he whole fabric of society depends upon human rights. Human rights are essential components of sustainable development and therefore development of a society is not possible without respect of human rights. Respect of human rights makes freedom. They are part and parcel of life in society and they concern humanity. With all areas of human rights, whether civil, political, economic or social, human rights violations against women take specific forms. Entrenched structures and practices such as casts, customary laws, the family, religion etc continue to discriminate against women. Violence against women, regardless of the nature of the perpetrator- an individual, group, institution, the state or society, is a human rights violation, and is treated as such whether it happens in the home, within the family or in the society. Full realization of women’s human rights requires the elimination of all forms of discrimination and the achievements of equality for all women. The protection of human rights is a constant struggle which cannot be won unless every man and women participate in it. Women, who are the victims of different type of violence, are struggling for the issues of violence in the state of Manipur, particularly and North East India generally. There is an imperative need for adopting an innovative and protective approach for actively encouraging those groups, communities, villages, societies that shun violence and adopt peaceful means. The problem of increasing violence can be analyzed from various dimensions to fully grasp its genesis, forms of manifestation and ways to effectively combat crime and violence. So, it is a right time to have a proper research study on the issues of human rights from different angle as a student of social science. This small paper intends to highlight about the problems of women due to the violation of their basic rights within the socio political norms; and their contributions for the protection of human rights for all sections of the society which are the burning issues of the hour. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/26 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-16 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/26/26

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/27 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

Voices of Dissent: A Critical Study of Baburao Bagul’s Maran Swast Hot Aahe (Death is Getting Cheaper) Pondicherry Abstract The present paper is a critical analysis of Baburao Bagul’s collection of short stories in Marathi, entitled Maran Swast Hot Aahe (Death is Getting Cheaper). It is a collection of ten stories in which all voices are the voices of dissent. Each of the stories give voice to the experiences of their community and selves, specially their battle against situations of deprivation, humiliation and displacement, struggle for survival, wretched acquiescence and at times open mutiny. My paper will be analysing the theme, language, and characters of each story which gives vent to his/her feelings to fight against the established social/ economical/ political system. Keywords- Dalityality, Dissent, Human Rights, Baburao Bagul’s style of writing Marathi Dalit writing is rich and dense, but it has yet to reach to the wider readers. The present paper is an attempt to familiarise a slice of Marathi Dalit writing to the English reading audience. For a writer, literature must be credited with the distinction of introducing readers to the invisible and unknown paraphernalia Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/27 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-13 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/27/27

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/28 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

Relationship between the Governor and the Legislature with Special Reference to Manipur Devi, Dr. K. Kunjani Abstract The article deals with the multifaceted roles played by the Governors in the context of Indian Political system under some relevant articles of its Constitution. Manipur, the hilly states as well as the border area to Myanmar gets special roles of the Governor in the state administrative particularly for the development of the hill people. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/28 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-19 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/28/28

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/29 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

Teaching English Can Be Cakewalk Sharma, Dr.Sanjay Dubey, Dr.Sushil Abstract English has become an international language. It is essential to have command over the language. It has become the lingua-Franca,. Knowledge of English has become very essential in every sphere of life... It is very important for the faculty of English to have excellent language skills, in order to harness English knowledge of the students. Teaching English is a daunting task which requires extraordinary skills, profound knowledge of the subject & nuances of the language. An English teacher has to eschew complacency and has to put in all his best. Unless he makes conscious efforts in his teaching, he can`t be a good teacher. This paper highlights the innovative methods & techniques of teaching English. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/29 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-9 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/29/29

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/30 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

Sociological Variations in Chittoor Dialect Kuppam Abstract Chittoor District is one of the four districts of Rayalseema region of Andhra Pradesh. The following is an account of sociological variations obtaining in phonological, grammatical categories and in vocabulary of Chittoor district speech. The striking variations are obtaining mainly in between educated and uneducated speech. However the other social scales like occupation, caste are also influencing the speech habits in this district (Chittoor). PHONOLOGY Aspiration A majority of educated informants retain aspiration in their speech. These informants are not very particular or rather conscious about the aspiration in their speech behaviour. There are umpteen occasions where a single educated informant retain aspiration and also lost it even with regard to same words. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/30 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-9 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/30/30

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/31 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

Changing trends in Indian Print Advertising Ganguly, Subham Abstract Advertisements not only capture the nuances inherent in the lifestyle of the common people but also help in mapping their desires. Advertisements help to trace the social history of people in a given space and time. In this context, Judith Williamson (1978:19) holds that advertisements do not generate meaning by themselves but invite one to make a new meaning by means of texts and visuals. This assertion is backed by Micheal Saren et al who point out that “advertisements utilize a pre-existing referent system of meaning, because the product, prior to signification in the advertisement, has no meaning” (2007: 128). Advertisements help to trace the social history of people in a given space and time. In this perspective, India before the era of liberalization in the 1990s was much different and naturally print and radio jingles ruled the roost. With the proliferation of satellite channels, advertisers shifted to a different medium. Television advertising became a staple of Indian life. Later advertisers tapped new media channels like internet websites. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/31 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-14 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/31/31

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/32 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

Old Snapshots in New Album: Realism in Amit Chaudhuri’s A New World Shyamala,, Ms. S. Abstract Amit Chaudhuri’s fourth novel A New World (2000), attempts to map out the nation, and its changing cultural configurations through the story of a globalised Bengali middleclass family of Calcutta. The novel is a narrative about a thirty-seven year old Indian economist and University Professor, who returns from the United States to his native India with his son Vikram, nick-named as Bonny. The novel spans Jayojit’s visit to Calcutta, a year after his divorce to visit his parents for a few months. The novel begins with Jayojit’s arrival in his old world and ends with his departure from it. Chaudhuri’s himself says that he is writing about the experiences of the real people especially of Bengali middle-class people. The novel clearly portrays the effect of globalization upon the characters. Thus, the novel is a moving realistic account of life of Jayojit whose visit to his parents’ home in Calcutta acts as a tool to explore the rift between generations and cultures. Keywords: Realism, Globalisation, Modernization Realism in literature is an approach that attempts to describe life without idealization or romantic subjectivity. “Chaudhuri himself admits, where the West ends in us and the East begins and vice versa, the novelists for his realism leans more on the West and for his representative modes more on the East (2004:8)”. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/32 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-7 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/32/32

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/33 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

An Odyssey from Autocracy to Outcry: A Study of Arvind Adiga’s The White Tiger Sheoran, Bharatender Abstract India is a territory of innumerable tongues, numerous religions, castes and the archetype of “Unity in Diversity”. But it is controverted in the Indian Journalist Aravind Adiga’s debut novel The White Tiger which is set in India derelicted by depravation, corrosion and insurrection exposing an astute picture of alleged Dark India which is beneficial enough to morally taint people. He challenges the fake democracy in Indian subcontinent where the poor have little power. The White Tiger is an attempt to question the ‘Shining India’ amidst poverty and corruption? It is a manifestation of modern India, calling attention to social justice in the wake of economic prosperity. Adiga writes about the plight and predicament of the poor in India when they migrate to the metropolitan city for their livelihood. The discontent instigated in the exploited against the exploiter transformed an autocracy to outcry. Hence this paper will explore the sufferings, struggles, discrimination, servitude and economic disparity faced by the protagonist in the novel. Keywords: Autocracy, Outcry, Protagonist, Exploiter Introduction Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/33 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-6 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/33/33

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/34 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

Usage of Literary Techniques (Structure, Symbols, Style, Language): A Metaphorical Analysis of Jhumpha Lahiri’s Interpreter of Maladies Kumari, Meenu Abstract The Interpreter of Maladies, internal structure determines the significance of both its technical and artistic elements, such as themes, symbols and images. The introduction must immediately draw the reader in and pique their interest by establishing the emotional tone of the narrative, setting the scene, creating the atmosphere and locating the characters in a specific time and place. One of the most prominent features of Lahiri’s stories is her short, tooth- point opening sentences, which immediately introduce information that is crucial to the rest of the narrative. The gorgeousness of her writing style lies in the skill with which she juxtaposes images and memories from life in Calcutta with life in Boston. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/34 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-5 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/34/34

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/35 2018-03-12T08:27:46Z OJS:ART driver

Social Prejudice & Caste Politics in Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things Sheoran, Bharatender Abstract The superfluous and malice behavior summoned out to the untouchables in India has been an issue of enormous concern. They have been undergoing the inexorable humiliation at the hands of the so called higher classes of Indian society. Concurrence of political independence has not improved their social status. Untouchables, referred as scheduled caste have been assigned the name “Harijan” by the father of the nation, Mahatma Gandhi. Now a day’s these groups refer to themselves as Dalits which means exploited or underprivileged. Arundhati Roy, a social activist has bequeathed the problem of untouchability pervading the Indian society in her booker winner novel, The God of Small Things. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/35 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 1 No. 6 (2013): Volume I Issue IV December 2013; 1-6 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/35/35

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/36 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Human Development and Violence Against Women Devi, Dr. Th. Binarani Abstract Human development is defined as the process of enlarging people’s freedoms and opportunities and improving their well beings. Human rights are the sign and symbol of human development and peace. The violation of the rights of women is a human rights violation of her body and her right as a person. Violence is an action or policy or an attitude that causes bodily or mental injury and debars or dehumanizes a person. In fact, women’s subordination throughout the world should be recognized as a human rights violation and with due account to those structures of oppression that intersect and compound such subordination. Full realization of women’s human rights requires the elimination of all forms of discrimination and achievements of equality for all women. It is persisted in different forms in times of peace as well as in conflict. Violence against women covered all forms of violence i.e, physical, mental and emotional. In such conditions, all the basic rights which are sanctioned/ guaranteed by the constitution and the laws of the country are violated. Provisions of the UN Charter, covenants etc are also meaningless for them. Gender stereotyping and violence at the domestic and social levels are some of the ongoing manifestation. The main causes of gender inequality are related to social and economic structure, which is based on informal and formal norms and practices. All the provisions of human development are meaningless for them. This small paper is an attempt to highlight that there is no meaning of human development in India, in a true sense because of the violation of the basic rights of the women, who constitute nearly 50% of the total population Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/36 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014; 1-14 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/36/36

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/37 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

A Revisionary Reading of Ecofeminist Theory Majumder, Bipasha Abstract The present article questions the idea of the equation of nature with the woman and its very necessity to base a movement for bringing about a radical transformation in the present socioeconomic system. ‘Woman=Nature’ is a cultural construct which was generated by the pervasive patriarchal biases of our civilization. This patriarchal civilization has ignored women’s efficiency in other fields apart from bringing up their children and degraded thoseas uncivilized, submissive, sexual objects. It is this civilization that has equated nature(wilderness/uncivilized) with woman to devalue both.Indeed ecofeminist theory is incoherent, amorphous and logically unsound. This theory must needs be replaced by something so logical as to base a whole movement for a radical reshaping of the contemporary society. In fact, there is no necessity of perpetuating the term ecofeminism which may be replaced by the term ecohumanitarianism as it questions any kind of exploitation, be it environmental exploitation or class oppression or gender oppression. Key words: Ecology, Exploitation, Feminism, Nature, Woman Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/37 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014; 1-10 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/37/37

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/38 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Education as an instrument of social change Ganiee, Farooq Ahmad Abstract when new materials suggest better ways of meeting human needs. Education has been chiefly instrumental in preparing the way for the development of science and technology. Education has brought about phenomenal changes in every aspect of men’s life. Education is a process which brings about changes in the behaviour of society. It is a process which enables every individual to effectively participate in the activities of society and to make positive contribution to the progress of society. Education is seen as a major factor in society, but that it is largely allocated a conservative role, since its main function is in the socialization of the young and the maintenance of the social order. During times of rapid social change, such as the second half of the 20th century, the role of education in the service of the nation is emphasized. When things are going well, especially economically, more experimentation with education is supported, and more idealistic goals are pursued, such as equity of educational opportunity. It is in the ideological and moral spheres, however, that education is most clearly expected to play a leading role. Social change takes place as a response to many types of changes that take place in the social and non-social environment. Education can initiate social changes by bringing about a change in outlook and attitude of man. It can bring about a change in the pattern of social relationships and thereby it may cause social changes. KEYWORDS: role of education, social change, socialization, human needs, social order Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/38 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014; 1-7 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/38/38

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/39 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Promoting Cosmopolitanism: Mother’s And Daughter’s Quest Towards Modern Society Connects With Classical Myth G.Sankar, M. Kalai Nathiyal Abstract The paper takes an absolute view of the mother’s and daughter’s quest towards modern society Connects with classical myth in Rita Dove’s Mother Love. Rita dove’s Mother Love is a modern depiction of the classical myth of Demeter and Persephone. The introductory poem gives a detailed outline of the poem which connects with the classical myth and the trouble between the modern mother and modern daughter. The persona’s tongue has slipped away and search for her original tongue is discussed in the paper. Rita Dove brings out her ideas in search of her relationship with identity, memory, and history in her poetical works associated with universality. Promoting Cosmopolitanism: Mother’s and Daughter’s Quest towards Modern Society Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/39 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014; 1-9 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/39/39

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/40 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Dawn Of Muslim Women Education At Lilong (Manipur State, India) Devi, Dr. K. Kunjani Abstract In Manipur, In early period, Muslim community kept women under pardah system of Islamic Religion.Women are facing different aspect of life very strictly under pardah system. Due to the wrong concept of the strict principles of pardah system female education came very late in the State. Many brilliant girls were not getting educated. The idea of Socio- Economic upliftment of woman was quite nill in Muslim Community in Manipur. Women are regarded by the Muslim Community as valuable treasures of caring and nurturing children. The most loyalty nature of the Muslim women is their subordination to the main members especially to their husbands. They always seek permission of their husband for every activity of their lives. Moreover, as most of women are illiterate the Muslim community is rather backward in spite of their settlement in plain areas of the state where there is a good communication system and prevailing of good centers of learning, business etc. In addition to illeteracy, early marriage and divorce have affected the social status of Muslim Women. Early marriage and bearing of many children are common practices of Muslim Women in rural areas of Manipur. After getting children, many young women are divorced because of the lack of mutual understanding between the Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/40 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014; 1-11 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/40/40

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/41 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Literature: An Introduction Prakash, Om Abstract Literature is not just written, but also oral in the form. It is a form of art; it is known for its suggestiveness and its permanence; its universal interest and its individual style. Literature is found mainly in three styles- 1. The epic (narrative in verse) 2. The drama (in verse or in prose) 3. The novel (narrative in prose) The other literary types in verse include - ballad, lai, epigram, and lyric; while in prose types are - essay, autobiography, biography, short story and parable. Satire is attempted by both poets and prose writers. Literature is the expression of life in words of truth and beauty. It is the source of inspiration and delight. It is the written record of man’s spirit, of his thoughts, emotions, aspirations; it is the history of the human soul. It preserves the ideals of a people; and ideals - love, duty, friendship, freedom, reverence - are the part of human life most worthy of preservation. Since it preserves the race the ideals upon which all our civilization is founded, it is one of the most important and delightful subjects that can occupy the human mind. Literature is separated from non-literature on the basis of the ancient concept of ‘rasa’; it means that it gives aesthetic delight to spectators, readers and listeners. It makes them full and free human beings. All literary work is an appeal; to write is to make an appeal to the reader, to Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/41 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014; 1-8 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/41/41

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/42 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

GLOBAL ISSUES AND THEMATIC CONCERNS IN THE NOVELS OF KIRAN DESAI: RESPONSE TO COLONIALISM Bhatt, Dr. Kamalesh Kumar Abstract Of the two novels, Hullabaloo in the Guava Orchard (1998) and The Inheritance of Loss (2006), that Kiran Desai has written so far, the first, from the point of view of its themes and global issues whatsoever, is of little concern to response to colonialism. However, the themes of this novel, as every work of fiction has some theme(s) or the other, are the themes concerning the purpose of adult life, that the author deals with, using the elements of humour and irony. Among the main themes of the novel are superstition and lethargy reigning dominantly still in the Indian society. Among the main themes of Desai’s second novel, The Inheritance of Loss, providing main thrust of this article are migration, alienation, separatism, hybridity - human, literary and cultural, multiculturalism, globalization etc. This Man-Booker award winning novel is a unique mingling or rather a jumble of a number of themes that are taking shape in the real world of the new postcolonial era of globalization too. The themes pertaining to living in two worlds, in between two worlds and in between past and present have been delineated with brimming beauty and grandeur of fiction. Through some characters, especially through the character of Jemubhai Popatlal Patel, a retired judge of colonial times, living a disenchanted life in Kalimpong, a hill station in the North-Eastern part of India, Desai presents the theme of alienation with adequate irony and humour, through Biju, the issues and problems of N.R.I.s and through the Gorkha Movement in the Kanchenjunga Hills, she raises the Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/42 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014; 1-16 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/42/42

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/43 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Naga Women As Peace Maker In War And Conflict Situation (Yesterday And Today) Zimik T., Dr. Ninghorla Abstract Naga Women since their long chequered history are the peace promoters and played key roles in bringing amicable solutions. Nagas in the olden days were head hunters and wars of various kind were fought. Though women were not allowed to join in decision making and various social restrictions were imposed on them, they were empowered to exercise a special power of stopping severe battles and conclude peace and treaty. In this respect, even the king cannot interfere or restrict any of her actions as a peacemaker. She is called (Phukhareila) in Tangkhul. When she lifted her zeithing (metal staff) to stop the fighting, the wa rring party would honoured her order and stop fighting instantly. “Prerogative of such a high honour has never been given to men” (Y.K. Shimray) “She was the peace maker, the bearer of the torch of Peace and the Red Cross bearer of Naga inter-village war ” ( R.R Shimray ) In tandem with the role of Phukhareila of yesteryears, the modern Naga women under the leadership of Naga Mother’s Association, Nagaland Naga women Union Manipur and various units of NWUM are ceaselessly volunteering for peace and justice acting as human shields, negotiating with the security forces and militants for safety of the unarmed people, mediating inter-factional violence and emerging as the front line against human rights violations. This paper is my humble attempt to highlight the role of Naga women as peace promoter and to empower women worldwide like yesteryears of Naga Phukhareila Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/43 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014; 1-13 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/43/43

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/44 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Complimentary disciplines and their significance in India- Oral traditions, folklore and archaeology Bajpai, Dr. Lopamudra Maitra Abstract paper is an attempt towards understanding the importance of the disciplines of folklore and culture studies, especially those pertaining to the oral tradition which forms an important part of the intangible heritage of man and his environment and the discipline of archaeology in India. Both are complimentary disciplines and needs to be studied for a holistic understanding of the term culture and folk traditions in a society. The paper traces a brief background of both the disciplines of folklore studies as well as archaeology as it developed in the sub-continent and thereby attempts to highlight the need to perceive and understand both. A cumulative study is an imperative necessity in the recent global world where the term ‘culture’ denotes a much wider definition than was connoted decades ago as part of the civilisation of man.. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/44 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014; 1-19 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/44/44

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/45 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

A Study Of Relationship Of Academic Achievement With Aptitude, Attitude And Anxiety G. Mishra, Mrs. Santwana Chincholikar, Dr. K.L. Abstract Teaching is a wholesome activity. The teacher’s personality factors are equally responsible for his/her effectiveness in the teaching learning process. Much emphasis is given to the academic achievement of teachers thereby ignoring the personality parameters. The present research is designed to study the relationship of academic achievement with teaching aptitude, attitude and anxiety in M.Ed. students. A sample of 296 M.Ed. students from the department and colleges of Education affiliated to Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad was selected randomly for the study. Standardized test were used for assessment of teaching aptitude, attitude and anxiety in M.Ed. students. Linear regression was used as a statistical tool for inferential analysis on the collected data. It was found that teaching aptitude level and anxiety are significant predictors of the academic achievement score in M.Ed. students. Anxiety was found to have a negative relationship to the academic achievement. It is recommended that more study should be done for role of anxiety in the area of teacher education.. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/45 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/45/45

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/46 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Recent Pedagogical Approaches and Methodologies in English Language Teaching Prasad, A.N. Guru Abstract Twenty first century has seen many modified approaches and got them adopted in the language teaching and language learning process. To suit to the order of the day, the language teacher should gear up the language teaching tools, appropriate to the current trends and equip with the modern pedagogical approaches and methodologies in language teaching. The basic objective of language teaching is no simply to transmit the language teacher’s views or knowledge on a language. However, language teaching plays an important role to open up its resources to the learners to enable them to find the right expressions to convey the intended meaning to the listeners. For developing language learning skills in English, the language teacher should adopt appropriate approaches and methodologies from time to time. The pedagogic approach should be Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/46 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/46/46

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/47 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Importance of Human Values in the Society Debbarma, Dr. Mohan Abstract The present paper is an attempt to explore the importance of human values in the global society. Human society may not significantly sustain without human values. Hence, it is necessary to talk on the subject and bring about awareness of human values into the modern society. There is no denying the fact that the present global society is facing a lot of crises. Human value crisis is a known fact of the modern society. Indeed, humans are aware of the global and national problems which they are currently facing. The impact of human activities on the earth in various ways is placing a significant amount of stress. For instance, the climate change due to global warming. There seems to be a significant link between the remedial measures and various solutions to climate change and the practice of human values. It is believed tha Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/47 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/47/47

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/48 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Freedom and Postcolonial Reality: A Critical Reading of the Writings of H. B. Stowe and Toni Morrison Ansari, S. A. Thameemul Abstract Post colonialism has been defined differently by different theoreticians, but in literary circles it is the study of interaction between European nations and the countries they colonized and the impact it continues to have. In spite of the disparities of perspectives and differences in definition, what the critical texts which make up this body of postcolonial discourse share is a single common reference point-their concern with experience of exclusion, denigration and resistance under systems of colonial control. So the term, "postcolonialism," covers the historical, political, cultural and textual ramifications of the colonial encounter between the West and the non-West, dating from the sixteenth century to the present day. Postcolonial texts deal with responses to colonial expression which have been oppositional or contestatory in an open or oblique fashion. Thus post colonialism is viewed as a theoretical approach in literary and cultural studies. It also signifies the politics of transformational resistance to unjust and unequal forms of Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/48 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/48/48

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/49 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

“Love Is Not Love Which Alters When It Alteration Finds”: A Close Reading Of William Shakespeare’s ‘Romeo and Juliet’ with special reference to ‘Sonnet No. 116 Chakraberty, Puja Abstract The present paper primarily endeavours to elaborate upon the basic conception of tragedy as laid out by imminent critics over the ages; to religiously undertake a comprehensive close study of the classic tragedy ‘Romeo and Juliet’ written by William Shakespeare; compare and contrast the previous works relating the story and Shakespeare’s very own interpretation; to critically scrutinize and elucidate upon the theme of love, its nature and quality, which is the deciding factor of the play, with special reference been made to ‘Sonnet no. 116’ by William Shakespeare. Both his poems and plays need to be carefully analysed for a proper appreciation of his grand imagination Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/49 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/49/49

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/50 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

The Effect of Collocation Awareness and English Text Structure Awareness on the Performance of Iranian Pre-university Students in Reading Comprehension Tests Babaie, Elahe Agha Fard, Fateme Moradian Abstract This study aimed at investigating the effect of collocation awareness and text structure awareness on reading comprehension among Iranian pre-university students. 60 female students were selected from among 92 pre-university students. After administering the Nelson Proficiency Test, 30 students whose score range fell one standard deviation above the mean were selected as intermediate-level students and 30 students whose score range fell one standard deviation below the mean as low-level students and divided into two groups; each group consisted of 15 students at intermediate-level and low-level of proficiency respectively (including a control group and an experimental group). Firstly, the experimental group received the collocation awareness, treatment for reading passages of Pre-university Book 1. Secondly, the experimental group (the control group in the first treatment) took the text structure awareness, treatment for reading passages of Preuniversity Book 2. A pretest and two protests on reading comprehension were administered and a T-test was conducted on scores of the experimental and the control groups. The results showed that both Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/50 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/50/50

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/51 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Comparative Analysis of Voices in Professional and Popularized Legal Texts Sharndama , Emmanuel.C. Jauro, Luka Barnabas Abstract Verbs generally take two forms (active or passive) depending on whether the logical or grammatical subject occupies the subject position. The message that the author intends to put across is equally affected by whether the logical subject occupies the subject position or the grammatical subject. The choice of which one occupies the subject position depends on the authors’ emphasis or informational prominence. It is on this premise that this paper attempts a comparative analysis of voices in professional and popularized legal texts. Being a corpus based analysis; a descriptive approach was adopted as a method of investigation. The outcome of the analysis of the texts in the corpus revealed that active voice is used more frequently in the professional legal texts than the popularized counterpart. The active voice was found suitable drawing statutes, contracts and regulations. Active voice identifies the actor or performer of the action of the verb. The passive voice on the other hand was used frequently in both categories of text. Active obscures the actors in legal documents and puts emphasis on the information. The study has shown that the application of either the active or passive voice in legal writing depends on point of emphasis technically referred to as informational prominence. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/51 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/51/51

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/52 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Bhooter Bhabhisyat: Satire and Societ Ganguly, Subham Abstract Contemporary Bengali film “Bhooter Bhabhishyat” (English: Future of the past or future of ghost), filled with hilarious one-liners and motely of characters, offers a compact story about the plight of ghosts in a postmodern world. The film may be considered as a manifesto of magicrealism in the context of Bengali cinema and it became one of the biggest hits of 2012. The film has recently been remade in Hindi as “Gang of Ghosts”. “Bhooter Bhabishyat”, apparently a ghost story, is meant to be a comic entertainer. The story is about a haunted house which is being pulled down and being replaced by swanky shopping mall. And the most interesting fact is that the ghosts who belong to a different era and different socioeconomic perspective, consider this house as their home (land). Thus, ghosts from several areas, practicing varied professions and belonging to different strata of society become the subject of the film. It is the palatial mansion of the dead Rai Bahadur, which becomes the present address for the bagful of ghosts. An interesting session is conducted to minutely select and accommodate the best of the ghosts. Seen from a post-colonial perspective, the Ghosts Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/52 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/52/52

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/53 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Attitude of undergraduate adivasi Students towards English language: A case study of Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Madhya Pradesh Boruah, Dr. Deepamoni Abstract “Attitudes” in the study of language, play a significant role in giving due recognition to a particular language. Positive or negative expression towards a language may reflect impressions on linguistics difficulty or simplicity, ease or difficulty of learning, degree of importance, elegance, social status etc. Attitude towards a language may also show how people feel about the speaker of that language. People may hold different attitudes towards their mother tongue and other language in contact. A language can only survive if people have a positive attitude to use it. Favorable attitude to language help the learners to learn that language and vice versa. English as a global language plays an important role in India and it is gaining more and more significance in all fields including business and administration. It has become an effective source of empowerment that pave the way for holistic development in one’s life. English is taught as a compulsory subject to all the first year students of Indira Gandhi National tribal university, Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/53 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/53/53

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/54 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Reading Race in Children’s Literature in English : A Study of J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter Series Majumder, Jhuma Abstract Children’s Literature, according to Encyclopedia Britannica, is the body of written works and accompanying illustrations that largely encompasses a wide range of works, including acknowledged classics of world literature, picture books and easy-to-read stories, fairy tales, lullabies, fables, folk songs and other primarily orally transmitted materials in order to entertain or instruct young people. Fantasy Literature consists of imaginative worlds or make-believe. Here the readers must suspend disbelief. Joanne Kathleen Rowling’s Harry Potter Series is filled with racial imagery and motifs. Race permeates as a major theme in the hugely popular and best-selling series of the worldfamous author. As pointed out by Saptarshi Ray, the racial stereotypes and prejudices that are present throughout the series can be seen as those real-life racial insults. Therefore, it would be interesting to see as to how racism, its prejudices and its stereotypes are present in the best-selling books. The main objective of this paper is to detect how race and its bias are present and as a result the magical world of Harry Potter is not so magical after Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/54 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/54/54

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/55 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Alienation and Rootlessness in the Novels of V.S. Naipaul Gupta, Dr. Sneh Abstract Displacement and complexities prevalent in the life of expatriates have emerged as a major theme in the 20th century authors crossing the barriers of caste, creed and nationality. It has become a universal phenomenon. Modern literature abounds in alienated individuals. It reflects the general disillusionment that hassles the two post war generations and the deep spiritual isolation felt by men in a universe which he feels himself to be inconsequential and a stranger. Owing to socio-cultural and historical region, Indian literature in English of the recent decades also could not help being affected by it. V.S Naipaul, the first Nobel Prize winner of 21st century has become spokesman of emigrants. He delineates the Indian immigrants dilemma, his problems and plights in a fast changing world. In his works one can find the agony of an exile; the pangs of a man in search of meaning and identity: a daredevil who has tried to explore myths and see through fantasies. Out of his dilemma is born a rich body of writings which has enriched diasporic literature and the English language. The present paper will examine the feelings of rootlessness and alienation undergone by expatriates with reference to selected works of V.S Naipau Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/55 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/55/55

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/56 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Elements Of Magic Realism: A Reading Of Garcia Marquezs’ One Hundred Years Of Solitude And Salman Rushdies’ Midnight’s Children Srikanth, N. Ramesh Chandra Abstract “Magic Realism” (el realismo magical) was a term first coined in 1949 by the Cuba novelist Alejo Carpentier to describe the matter-of-fact combination of the fantastic and every day in Latin American fiction. Later exemplified by novels like Gunter Grass’s The Tin Drum (1959) and Maruez’s one hundred years of solitude and also applied to paintings by famous painter Micheal Parks - world foremost artist in the realm of imaginary realism and Rob Gonsalves a Canadian Painter often categorized as surrealistic but injects a sense of magic into realistic scenes. This paper studies importance of the Magic Realism as a Popular Literary Construct in select novels and how the two writers incorporated elements of Magic Realism to reflect their society and culture towards universal appeal. The implicit manner of presentation with reference to the happenings of society or nation or world not only belongs to the responsibility of people of that region, but also of universality Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/56 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/56/56

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/57 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Desires and Ecstasies of Women in The Plays Of Girish Karnad Mishra, Dr. Sunil Singh, Dr. Shweta Mishra, Dr. Parul Abstract A woman has become the centre of discussion in the post- colonial literature and social strata of India as well as Western Countries. The lives of women have been manipulated by the patriarchy in all ages and cultures, undoubtedly in different ways by prescribing values, norms, gender roles and ethics to keep the male dominance at the top. Silvia Walby in ‘Theorising Patriarch’, observes, it is “a system of social structures and practices in which men dominate, oppress and exploit women. Today, Girish Karnad is considered as one of the most significant Indian dramatists. He as a dramatist of post- modern era fascinates us with the marvellous world of his plays, critically evaluated the mind and behaviour of his female protagonists in a collective perspective, impact of the patriarch Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/57 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/57/57

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/58 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

IS ENGLISH THE SURE-SHOT MANTRA TO SUCCESS AND HAPPINESS?” AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE PERCEPTIONS OF NON-NATIVE ENGLISH SPEAKERS WITH RESPECT TO THEIR PROFICIENCY IN ENGLISH. Sarin , Pooja Abstract With the world going flat, economies going global, English in non-native countries like India has assumed a position far more superior than scores of officially recognized native languages and dialects of the country. Though officially having the status of an assistant language in India, English is becoming a lot more than simply a medium of communication. Today English is considered the short- cut to success by the youth, a skill that defies all odds to help them achieve success quickly and effectively. It is perceived as the quick ultimate means that can guarantee success. The paper aimed to identify the perceived relationship between the level of proficiency in English and the perceived level of importance attached with attaining English language proficiency. In order to achieve this objective a well-structured questionnaire was designed to seek experiences of 250 college going students from the city of Chandigarh. The data was collected through a structured questionnaire with pre-explained objectives of research. Various tests and statistics were used to establish the factors that significantly affected the level of proficiency in English and also the perceived importance of English Language Proficiency. Facts revealed in this study highlight that English Language Proficiency has indeed entered every aspect of our life and people link it not just to career and success but to all their social and psychological needs Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/58 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/58/58

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/59 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

Reflection of Violence against Woman in Fiction of New Woman Magazine A S, Prof. Jamuna Abstract Violence against Women and Girls continues unabated in every continent, country and culture. It takes a devastating toll on women’s lives, on their families, and on society as a whole. Most societies prohibit such violence-yet the reality is that too often, it is covered up or tacitly condoned”-Ban Ki-Moon, UN Secretary-General (8 March 2007). Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/59 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/59/59

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/60 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

N651 and the rise of “Hitlerism”2 Balogun, Lekan Abstract Nothing shocks more than the insensitivity and insincerity of successive leadership of most African nations to the plight and pitiable conditions of living by the people they rule over. In some quarters, the masses wonder about these kinds of leadership they have been blessed (?) with. It is understandable then when they resort to violent demonstrations which, rather than help, only worsen their situation. The 2012 Masses demonstration in Nigeria over Fuel Subsidy Removal, remains a significant point of reference in this direction. The intensity of the images of the protests in Lagos captured by a Lagos-based photo-journalist and the inherent clarity of the message contained therein form the background of this paper, which looks at the conditions that stimulated the protest. The paper uses Aime Cesaire’s postcolonial essay, Discourse on Colonialism as a canvas to examine the conditions that often lead to such violent demonstrations Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/60 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/60/60

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/61 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

The common thread between the Beats and the Hungryalists Bhattacharya, Rima Abstract This paper traces the geographical expansion of the trend of writing Language Poetry from the 1950s, which gradually influenced the broader spectrum of literature world-wide. A new group of uprising poets known as the Language poets were opting for technically disruptive writing in place of rhetorical and representational writing in order to reflect the spirit of the age. The paper draws a comparison between the poems of the famous beat poet Allen Ginsberg and the poems of some of the Hungry Generation poets of Bengal in order to trace out the emotional as well as the technical similarities between these two geographically diversified yet very similar groups in terms of voicing a common spirit of rebellion. Be it the poetry of the American beat poet Allen Ginsberg or the Indian hungryalist poet Malay Roychoudhury, the emotions, sentiments and angst expressed through their poems are the same. In spite of being separated by a huge distance their spontaneous and later censored poetry seem to echo the same rebellious voice and proceed towards the common objective of cleaning the society of hypocrisies and inhibitions. The history of American poetry since World War II represents a contest between a formalist approach towards the experimental impulse of modernism and an anti-formalist revolt that affirms the presence of open forms. Postmodern poetry or avant-gardepoetry has always posed oppositional challenges to the cultural establishments of a society. Modern and late modern experimental writers have repeatedly suggested that technically disruptive work is scientific, objective and presentational-the very opposite of representational and rhetorical writing. This was followed by the uprising of a new group of poets known as The Language poets.They were an avant-garde group in United States that emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Its immediate postmodern precursors were the New American poets, a cluster which Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/61 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/61/61

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/62 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

The Feminine Anguish Explored In Wife by Bharati Mukherjee Rajalakshmi, A Abstract Bharathi Mukherjee’s heroines are intrepid and firm. They have the strong potential for compliance; they live in the dense land of actuality and accept the sour truth of their lives. The present study aims at discussing, the feminine anguish explored in Wife by Bharati Mukherjee. She has tried to create a new relationship between man and woman based on equality, nonoppression, non-exploitation so that the resourceful latent of both capitalizes on as individuals and not gender dichotomies. The male, as an envoy of the patriarchal society has, at last, being wrenched off the center of woman’s gravitation. The woman is preparing now to be her own gravitational force, beyond the fullness of patriarchy. Dimple in Wife fails to stride the path or play the societal roles traditionally assigned to an Indian woman. She is a symbol of a typical, acquiescent Indian housewife who patiently abides all the plights afflicted with her by the male dominated society Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/62 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/62/62

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/63 2019-06-22T12:16:47Z OJS:ART driver

“LIFE IS WHAT YOU MAKE IT” - CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF PREETI SHENOY’S Bagga, Dr. Rupakshi Abstract ‘Life is what you make it‘ is a fiction written by Preeti Shenoy a blooming author. She has also written for different publications like Reader’s Digest and The Times of India, as well as taught English and Math to children in India. Her first book was ‘34 Buffer guns and Candies‘ a creative notification that made it to the national-best seller list. The book ‘Life is what you make it’ is the story of Ankita Sharma a girl in her twenties. It focuses attention on a little known disease, bipolar disease. The plot is set in the 80s and moves across two cities. Being a bright student she got admitted into one of South India’s best colleges. What follows is a series of events, love affairs, pranks and studies that are instrumental for every college going student. But Ankita’s life soon turn-turvy when she is diagnosed with a mental illness. She develops Bipolar disorder. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/63 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014): Volume II Issue I April 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/63/63

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/64 2019-06-22T12:17:12Z OJS:ART driver

English spoken by the Speakers of Dravidian Languages: A Ganta, Dr.Kiran Babu Abstract International communication happens in the most widespread language in the world which is English. It is clearly evident and inevitable that no two people pronounce exactly alike, because of various differences. Nevertheless RP English still serves as a standard model for educated people to learn pronunciation. The focus of the study is the speakers of major Dravidian languages. The four main languages of the family are Telugu, Tamil, Kannada and Malayalam which are spoken in their respective states. The existing phonemic inventory of those languages and the deviations seen in speakers of Dravidian languages are listed below. Phonemic symbols are taken from the IPA. It is found that the duration in diphthongs of Dravidian languages is lesser than the diphthongs of RP English. On the other hand consonants of Dravidian languages also have some deviations from the consonants of RP like alveolar sounds made retroflex, dental fricatives replaced by dental plosives. The importance of pronunciation and hindrances to achieve it are mentioned and few suggestions are given to help learners to learn pronunciation. Finally, it is concluded that as we take these steps to teach pronunciation to learners we can expect greater results in learners in the near future. Aim of the paper Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/64 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 2 (2014): Volume II Issue II June 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/64/64

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/65 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Walt Whitman’s Drum-Taps: Shifting Attitude towards the Civil War Abdullah, MD. Abu Shahid Abstract Walt Whitman was completely disgusted by the social and political condition of Pre Civil War America, and his Drum Taps provides an alternative vision of an America ruled by a wave of comradely relationship. However, the poems in Drum Taps provide a shifting attitude towards the Civil War, which is undoubtedly influenced by Whitman’s own war experience. Whereas the initial section welcomes the terrible war, the middle section turns to depict the violence of the war, and the last section focuses on the reconciliation to the cost of the war and the comradeship among the soldiers; this shifting attitude towards the war is the direct outcome of Whitman’s experience in the war hospitals. He believes that the soldiers, transformed by the war experience, will help to build a more egalitarian and democratic society, which he has long been dreaming for. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/65 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/65/65

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/66 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Importance of time in Dicken’s hard times dharshini, Dr. S. Meena Priya Abstract The world has not changed after having been natural and now is mechanical whereas the way in which mankind regards it has. When we disassemble everything (and categorizes it in various ways) to find out how it works we understand its construction and therefore also obtain true knowledge. By taking the world apart in order to see the function of each part we leave the perspective of wholeness behind and do not regard our world as a connected pattern. Instead, we explain each happening or reaction with another, all according to strict natural laws. The novel Hard Times seem to enlighten us by saying that if we were to live by the principles that are mechanical, and ethical in being dutiful, i.e. We have to be true to our moral conviction irrespective of the consequences, then it is likely that the injustices would become many not before long. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/66 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/66/66

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/67 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Contesting Globalization in Hari Kunzru’s Transmission Sharma, PH. Sanamacha Abstract Globalization with its transnational companies and interconnected information technology has turned the world into a global society. Global mobility of capital, goods, ideas and people takes place across national territories like never before. The possibilities and choices facing the individual in a global world are appealingly wide-ranging. For his material ambition, he is ready to sideline his traditional root, community bonding and national affiliation. Without the traditional supports, one correlates with modernity, such as strong family networks, community and organized religion, the individual has to interpret and negotiate the world at his own risk. He has become increasingly selfdependent and increasingly vulnerable simultaneously. For him, homelessness becomes a human condition. In Transmission, Kunzru depicts career-oriented, self-centred characters like Arjun and Guy, outside their local settings. They were at first half-blinded by sparkling global opportunities, and then they are turned upside down by the very things which attract them. In the course of the story, they find a way out of the global trap they put themselves in. Kunzru’s fiction comes out as a narrative of resistance against the onslaught of globalization. Keywords: globalization, cyber-culture, cyberspace, transnational, dislocation. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/67 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/67/67

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/68 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Counselling and Education: An Integrated Approach Vij, Shivani Abstract The need for counselling in schools has gained much attention in the past few years. An increasing number of students experiencing problems and challenges in different facets of life make it imperative that teachers also start assuming the role of counselor. This paper highlights some of the major developments in counselling programmes in India. An attempt has also been made to stress the important linkages between teaching and counselling Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/68 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/68/68

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/69 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Intelligibility in the use of Telugu terms and phrases in English context Jagarapu, Siva Satyanarayana Shetty , Kasaragod Jayashri Abstract English has been widely used in Andhra Pradesh. The users of the English language have grown up gradually in this region. It has become the fashion to use English language to express one’s views and thoughts. Though there are many areas where English is extensively used, it may not be always possible to communicate everything in the English language. There are some expressions which require Telugu flavor for understandability and effectiveness. This paper would bring out such expressions which are used along with English words in various contexts such as English newspaper, signboards, and wedding cards and so on. Key words: understandability, effectiveness Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/69 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/69/69

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/70 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Body Language- “A Gamut of expressions in accordance to Facial Expressions, Gesture and Eye Contact”. Biyani, Mrs. Sujata Patil, Mrs. Rupali Abstract Human beings are the social animals and they cannot live without each other. As soon as we are in contact with each other the communication starts. In the past the focus was on language, but now the focus has been shifted to non- verbal language i.e. the language of unspoken words. Body language is like a mirror to our personality. It is true that we talk with our vocal cords, but we communicate with our facial expressions, our tone of voice and through gestures and postures. Therefore, body language is not merely a physical manifestation of the spoken words. In fact, it has its own independent interpretation of feelings, irrespective of the meaning of spoken words delivered therein. Let us have a look at the few aspects of body language. Facial Expressions: The face is the most expressive part of our body. The many muscles within the face convey several emotions simultaneously. Faces are sometimes hard to read, as in the case of the classic creation of Leonardo DA Vinci’s painting of Mona Lisa. Her smile speaks a thousand words, indicates her mental disposition and expresses her inner self. It indicates Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/70 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/70/70

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/71 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Representation of Dismantled Identity and Colonial Politics in Amitav Ghosh’s Sea of Poppies ACHARJEE, SUMAN KHURAIJAM, Dr. GYANABATI Abstract The article narrates colonial politics adopted by the British and side by side, it probes the dismantled image of national identity. It describes colonialism as a result of narrow nationalistic feeling and thus it looks forward for a postnational feeling. So it demands for a change in nationalistic outlook. Through the analysis of Amitav Ghosh’s Sea of Poppies, it puts into question the concept of national identity as a static one. The novel is set in 1838 but through the narration of pre-independent colonial politics and opium trade policy, it hints at the preindependent global market and pluralism prevalent in the society. The concept of national identity is always attached with the designed features like national language, national flag, border etc. But, this novel, through the representation of different characters from different parts of the world in the Ibis brings into light a dismantled image of national identity. The paper focuses on the binary opposition White/Other and highlights the narrow nationalistic feeling behind this binary system and thus argues for a change in nationalistic feeling and demands for a global outlook. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/71 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/71/71

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/72 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Need of Teaching Oral Communication Skills in Technical Institutes of A.P: A Critical Outlook SREENIVASULU, Y. JAYANTH KASYAP, Dr .R.V. Abstract For the last few decades, the system of teaching English language course at the graduate level, specifically in technical colleges of A.P has been receiving rigorous criticism. Implementation of curriculum objectives, particularly oral communication skills part has become a highly challenging task for language teachers. Several attempts have been made to reform the system at this level, but achieved limited success in its execution. In this connection the present paper is aimed at the need of teaching oral communication skills at technical institutes of A.P, factors involved in teaching/learning spoken skills, difficulties in its implementation and evaluation patterns. Further, it provides a good number of critical observations and possible suggestions for immediate action. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/72 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/72/72

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/73 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Feministic Perspectives in Bharti Mukherjee’s Novels Kaushik, Himanginee Abstract Bharti Mukherjee is an Indian-born-American writer of Bangali origin. She considers herself an American writer instead of Indian writer. In her mostly novels feministic touch can be seen easily. Indian women struggle in different ways in society for their rights and they have to deal with different problems like- identity crisis, isolation, disillusion, cultural conflict, cultural shock and diasporic situations. The protagonists of Bharti Mukherjee’s novels are bold and brave, they have the strong potential to adapt the reality and also deal confidently with the bitter truth of their life. Her female characters are a reflection of her own personality and through her works she shows a woman’s fight for her own rights in different situations. The novels of Mukherjee depict personal difficulties of being caught between two worlds, homes and culture Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/73 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/73/73

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/74 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Arundhati Roy’s unflinching Courage level in her works Kunhambu.K Abstract The high profile intellectual of Arundhati Roy ensure a level playing ground in any national or international issues. She has the unflinching courage in criticizing even the international issues which culminate in exact reality without favouring any one side particularly. She suggests those people to join hands and be gentle instead of being brutal, be friend instead of being isolated and to love instead being hated. She said that Saddam Hussein might be a sinner but bringing down his regime is not acceptable to the long cherished democratic and humanistic values Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/74 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/74/74

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/75 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

The Effective Way of Understanding of the Diphthongs in English Venkateswarlu, AG. Abstract About Author - AG.Venkateswarlu, Asst. Professor of English, in Santhiram Engineering College, Nandyal, Kurnool, AP. He has been working for eight years dealing with English Language and Communication Skills to B.Tech Students and MCA, MBA Students. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/75 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/75/75

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/76 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

THE PARADIGMS OF AMBIVALENCE: DECONSTRUCTING THE BOARDERLINE BETWEEN SPIRITUALISM AND MATERIALISM IN RIG VEDA K.Unni, Atheetha. Abstract This dissertation aims to deconstruct the borderline between spiritualism and materialism in the Rig Veda which are binary oppositions. These binaries offer a rigidity of discursive categorization. Putting objects and concepts in watertight compartments often subverts the fluidity of in-between’s and allows the privileging of one over the other. In the landmark paper, “Structure, Sign and Play in the Discourse of Human Sciences”, Jacques Derrida undertook a caustic critique of the binaries, nature/culture and bricoleur/engineer as used in the works of Levi-Strauss. Here the fault is not with the notion, but with the categories. Deconstruction thus extends the significance to this recalcitrance to the entire conceptual system of philosophy. Similarly rereading the Rig Veda, perhaps the oldest text in the world on the basis of the canons set of western metaphysics can be viewed as a movement towards some kind of a reductionism. The very notion of ‘material/spiritual’ itself is part of a western legacy that reduces a holistic and all comprehensive vision of life to be categorized under two labels. In this paper, first chapter deals with the materialistic religion in Rig Veda. The second chapter is the blending of Magic, Religion and Science in Vedic thoughts. The third chapter is Materialistic cosmogony in Rig Veda. In the fourth chapter we can see the confrontation between the agents of materialism and the forces of spiritualism in Rig Veda. Finally, we conclude by attempting to deconstruct the borderline between Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/76 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/76/76

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/77 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

HOW TO TEACH PHONETICS AT UNDERGRADUATE LEVEL Damodar, Bhoopal Abstract This paper is meant for the members of teaching community who would like to teach Phonetics at undergraduate level. It will help the budding faculty as it provides an excellent exposure to expertise and excellence, thereby widening horizon of one’s teaching aspiration with active participation of enthusiasts as well as students will result appropriate oral skills of a language. The students centered method is used to enable them to learn in a friendly manner with the support of technology, emphasizing the importance of correct pronunciation. Here, it is discussed with the phonemes, occurrence of sounds at various levels with examples, illustrations. Listen, imitate and practice to neutralize the accent to implement are the major tasks of the learners in this course to make themselves to speak accurately like a native speaker. Interpretation of each sound, phoneme symbol, description of sound with the instances at initial, middle and final occurrences is done. The presentations can be shown or exhibited through the projector/overhead projector and the formats of slides, charts, cards and the software like speech solutions etc. Now days, most of the exercises of phonetics are given practice through the self learning software of multimedia systems like K-van solutions, Globe Arena and Getronics software. The other objective of the paper is to correct the pronunciation of the people of third world countries who are liberated from the clutches of colonial states, influenced by their mother tongue or the dialect of the region and unaware of standard pronunciation which is to be followed. They know English Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/77 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/77/77

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/78 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Song and its Centrality in the Mizo L.Pachuau, Dr Margaret Abstract This paper shall denote the significance of song and its centrality in terms of formulating nuances that are related to Mizo identity.Mizoram is located in northeast India, and much of its literature has been seeped in oral tradition ,where song has played a major role in defining cultural dynamics. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/78 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/78/78

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/79 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Anita Desai and Fire on the Mountain: A Woman’s treatise on Women. Hazra, Dr. Aparajita Abstract The matrix of Fire on the Mountain by Anita Desai curiously deals with almost only women characters. Nanda Kaul, Raka and Ila Das are portrayed as figuring it out in three different ambits of life that allow Desai the author to explore three different possibilities to the existentialist mystique of life. In doing so the novel skims over the efficacy of multi-perspective towards life that considers weltanschauungs like ‘Hopeless Passivism’ and ‘Desperate Quietism’ and ‘Contemplative Bourgeois Philosophy’, ‘Disappointing Negativity’ and ‘Individualistic Isolationism’. The novel, through the portrayal of a slice of the life of Nanda Kaul, tries to figure out a solution to the baffling task of merging existence and happiness in a seemingly inexorable ontological crisi Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/79 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/79/79

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/80 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Developing Effective Writing skills in an Engineering Graduate Patnaik, D. Swathi Abstract Communicative competence in today’s Engineering graduate is no longer being measured just by his oral communication skills. The change in the selection process, where the initial screening is based on the student’s ability to draft a mail effectively, emphasizes the fact that mastering written communication skills is equally important along with oral communication skills for an engineering graduate. Moreover, written communication skills play a vital role further in an engineer’s career, where simple written correspondences such as maize to complex report writing and documentation is expected to be handled by them with expertise. Ironically, in most of the English classrooms such an important skill is limited to few question and answer sessions without touching the core problem. What is needed in today’s Engineering communication skills classroom is a three dimensional program that includes brainstorming sessions which involves critical thinking, providing a scaffolding for students to learn and build sentences and finally helping them to organize the thought process into a meaning full written piece. Writing skills should be integrated into the syllabus in such a way that the above three components are practiced and perfected in the classrooms. The paper focuses on the various needs and issues that emerge in this attempt and suggests ways to resolve them to some extent. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/80 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/80/80

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/81 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Creative Writing: Motivation & Skills, An assessment Thompson, Dr. (Mrs). Dora Chhabriya, Prof. Mamta Abstract It is a major concern to analyze the ratio of time allotted by students for writing and speaking. Since writing as a means of communication has become a thing of the past with today’s generation may not even be aware that we communicated to our dear ones by means of letters. Maybe if the practice continued children would have had better spellings, better handwriting and better interest in writing. In a scenario where the entire concentration is on becoming a doctor or an engineer, both parents and children forget the importance to give ‘creative writing’, a thought. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/81 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/81/81

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/82 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Stifled Voices: India Women English Playwrights Writing themselves into Existence David, Dr. Hilda Abstract Yesterday when I was reading the newspaper I came across an interesting article by Saduguru Jaggi Vasudev- a few lines from it “Traditions evolve according to different situations and contexts. For example, today many women travel around the globe and move long distances, not because of technological development. Technology has levelled the field to some extent. In the past, activities outside the home were considered more suitable for a man not for a woman.-Men and women are different but the problem with human beings is that every difference is turned into a discriminatory Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/82 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/82/82

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/83 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Multiaccentualities in Girish Karnad’sNagamandala - A Postmodern Reading Veeramani, Dr.S. Selvam, Dr.A. Abstract A text is alive when a reader is making exegesis about a literary product with logical argument and rational enquiry in to a text. Criticism and application of current literary theories are now a seminal mode of interpretation a text. After 1960, it witnessed an odyssey of postmodernism, and the literary field had more impact and influence on literature. When a postmodern view is applied in literary text, it becomes multiaccentuality and kaleidoscopic text. In this way Nagamandala by Karnad is a text of mltiaccentualities in it. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/83 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/83/83

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/84 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Themes of Displacements and Alienation of Indian Diaspora in the Works of Jhumpa Lahiri and Bharti Mukherjee Kaushik, Himanginee Abstract Bharti Mukherjee and Jhumpa Lahiri, both are Indian born American writer. They raise their voice for the rights of migrated Indian women and highlight their sufferings faced in abroad. The main aim of present paper is to depict the effect of displacement on Indian women and how much they feel alienated outside their native country. The picture that emerges from the study of the novels are not only those of women being alienated and depressed due to the circumstances but also those of women coming out as bold character to overcome the challenges those come in their lives. The present paper throws light on social and cultural issues through the mouth of protagonist who gets success in bringing about social and cultural change by presenting her condition in society. Both these writers present feministic perspective and also create an image of oppressed woman due to displacement and alienation. Displacement not only leads to separation but it also leads to alienation and rebirth in a new country, new culture, new society and new adjustments in an alien land. The protagonists of their novels look back to their native country with pain and nostalgia but after all these sufferings they are not ready to look back Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/84 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/84/84

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/85 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

TEACHERS’ INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES AND CLASSROOM PARTICIPATION OF STUDENTS IN ENGLISH CLASS: A STUDY ON SECONDARY SCHOOLS Rahman, Ataur Abstract The present paper is an attempt to study the instructional strategies adopted by English teachers and classroom participation of class IX students in English in selected secondary schools of Assam, India. Three tools viz. an observation schedule, a questionnaire for teachers and a questionnaire for students were used in the study. Experts validated all the tools and their reliability was also sought. The sample consisted of 720 students and 50 English teachers. The investigator observed thirty classes as non-participant observer, administered both the questionnaires on students and the English teachers of class IX. Data analysis indicated that the instructional strategies were teacher-centric. Teacher Talking Time (TTT) was much more than Student Talking Time (STT). Teachers failed to attend to individual needs of the learners and unaware of language games and role-play. Nor were the classrooms Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/85 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/85/85

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/86 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Exploring the narrative skill of Indumathy with specific focus on Tharaiyil Irangum Vimanangal Sadasivan, Dr. Usha Abstract Indumathi made a substantial impact on readers with her serialized novel Tharaiyil Irangum Vimanangal back in the 1970’s .Known for her bold, occasionally controversial themes she occupies an eminent position in contemporary Tamil women writing touching emphatically on social issues and gender issues. Her stories have a vein of feminism where her women protagonists are stubborn and protect the norms of womanhood. Her writings bring changes in the society by creating social awareness. Her works focus on gender as well as caste discrimination. Ms. Indumathy’s novels have a strong note of feminism as seen in Asoka Vanam, Kan Simitum Minminigal, Oru Nimidam Thea and Viralodu Veenai some of her better known novels. She was in sync with the overall contemporary women writing scenario in Tamil, which focuses on social awareness. When it comes to gender hierarchy women tread very carefully since they may not be received too well by their readers if they deviate too much from the accepted notions. Some readers with a traditional bent of mind may not appreciate if the author is to open in her criticism of time tested patriarchal ideas. Writers like her have to tackle readers with kid gloves. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/86 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/86/86

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/87 2020-06-04T13:53:32Z OJS:ART driver

Betrayal of betrothed in Sunetra Gupta’s Memories of rain VANEESA, K. RUBY RAJA, Dr. S. AYYAPPA Sunetra Gupta was born in Calcutta in 1965 and is an established translator of the poetry of Rabindranath Tagore. She is a well known novelist, essayist and scientist. She is working as Professor of Theoretical Epidemiology at Oxford University in the Department of Zoology. From Princeton University she got graduation in 1987 and from the University of London she received Ph.D. in 1992. Her father, Dhruba Gupta had a profound influence on every view of her thinking Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/87 10.24113/ijellh.v2i3.87 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/87/87

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/88 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Quest for identity in Kamala Das Poetry Kanchan Kanchan Abstract Women all over the world have been treated as the ‘other’ by the Patriarchal social order. The paper focuses on personal writing of Kamala Dass and hears her voice from within. It can be done through a selected poems authored by poetess herself. Kamala Das is one of the most significant voices of Indian English poetry. As a women poet her confessional self deals with her personal emotional experiences which are generally taboo. The poetess does not expect any redemption or retribution as there is no remorse. It is just, that she bare her soul to get a psychic relief. What a confessional poet gives us is the psychological equivalent for his or her mental state, and it is such ‘psychological equivalents’ that we always get in the poetry of Kamala Das , and in this respect she is to be compared to such confessional poets as Robert Lowell, Sylvia Plath, Anne Sexton, Roetke, Berry-man , Judith Wright and others. She won a number of awards like Asian Poetry Prize.1998, Sahitya Academy Award 2003, Vayalar Award 2001, Kerala Sahitya Academy etc etc. Her own predicament and her own suffering become symbolic of human predicament and human suffering. In a male dominated world, she tried to assert her individuality, to maintain her feminine identity, and from this revolt arose all her troubles, psychological traumas and frustrations. It is a kind of psychological striptease that she enacts in her poetry. Several questions need to be asked while reading her confessional mode. For example, what are the contexts in which women write their personal experiences? How are their writings different from men’s point of view? How do they negotiate their self Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/88 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/88/88

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/89 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

A perspective on Cultural diversity in Indian students and their attitude towards language learning Chhabriya, Prof. Mamta Thompson, Dr. (Mrs). Dora Abstract India is a multi-linguistic country of vast culture, varied castes, creed and origin where multiple religions norms and rituals are practiced. Language is a part of culture and is considered as very important for the development of a society. It is language that eventually fuses through a common bond to showcase a national cultural identity. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/89 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/89/89

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/90 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Imperialist Nostalgia and Orientalist Vision in William Dalrymple’s City of Djinns Jain, Monika Abstract India, which had once been the “Jewel in the Crown” of British Empire ceases to be its colony now. However, the end of Empire has not brought an end to imperialism, which, according to Edward Said still “lingers where it has always been in a kind of general cultural sphere as well as in specific political, ideological, economic and social practices” (Said, 8). Though British Empire has retreated from its former colonies since long, the stereotypical and derogatory representation of India in western travel texts still exist. The British writers who visit their former colonies still adopt a superior approach and perpetuate the colonial ideology of British benevolence and superiority. Renato Ronaldo terms, this practice as “Imperialist Nostalgia.” In this paper I attempt to explore how William Dalrymple in City of Djinns utilises the trope of nostalgia to foster Empire’s past glory. Further, I examine how William Dalrymple in City of Djinns reinforces the Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/90 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/90/90

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/91 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Between powerlessness and power: A study of the marginalized women in Gopala Krishna Gandhi’s Refuge V, Teena. Abstract Since time immemorial and the inception of human civilization, man has been in practice of framing rules and regulations for the society but not without fulfilling his own vested interests. Though women have always been considered to be “one half of the sky”, history is full of instances where she is meted out with injustice, devoid of basic needs and fundamental rights. Violence against women is a universal problem affecting her at all levels of society. However, differentially situated women have unique experiences with their tragic tales of survival. The constant manhandling and subjugation of women labourers in SriLankan tea plantations document the particular vulnerability of all marginalized women due to the reasons including social isolation, inequality, exploitation and lack of awareness. The present paper is an attempt at throwing light at the portrayal of the woes and worries of the abandoned and marginalized women working in SriLankan tea plantations as delineated in Gopala Krishna Gandhi’s Refuge. It also takes a closer look at the problems arising in the life of a marginalized woman Valli who toils hard in the estates to eke out an existence. They have been forced to withstand the onslaught of discrimination and domination exerted by the dominant Sinhalese. Hope is the only force that keeps them going in their struggles. Hence the paper confirms the fact that all marginalized women, despite their sufferings and despair, fight against the annihilating forces in society to carve a personal and individual space for themselves. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/91 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/91/91

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/92 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Colonial Overtones: Reviewing Selected Poems by Wordsworth and Coleridge Mukherjee, Dr. Gitasri Abstract A critical reading of some of the popular poems of the Romantic Period of British English literature would explore a colonial dimension in them. The historical and political understanding of the then time helps one in interpreting the poems in a new light and might unravel a colonial discourse in them. As colonizers intruded various parts of the globe including Africa, West Indies, India and so on, military power and economic growth became synonymous to British identity. Colonialism and cultural imperialism shaped the position of Europe in the globe and made British Empire the largest formal empire that the world had ever seen. But soon European colonists were to see the fatal effects of colonialism as they came into contact with the indigenous people and unfavorable climates of the tropics. End number of colonizers was wiped out due to the inflation of epidemic diseases of the tropics and many soldiers and sailors returned their homeland, wounded and diseased. The literature of the 1790s was full of bereaved mothers, abandoned wives and injured soldiers. This paper attempts to reveal the dark shades of colonialism in a few selected poems such as “The Brothers”, “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” etc. by Wordsworth and Coleridge respectively, the two very important romantic nature poets, to mirror the hidden paradox of British magnificence and their colonial triumph. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/92 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/92/92

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/93 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

The Role of Project Work in Language Teaching Chowda, Jojappa Chilakapati, Nagendra Reddy. Parthu, V.V. Abstract Project work can be a great way to have learners work together. Whether it is like preparing a poster, a pamphlet for some kind of town tour, or doing something else, it involves a culture of working together towards a very specific goal. Since that goal usually includes making a product in English, it ensures lots of English practice. The process of finding information and other data to incorporate into projects provides an increased access to the ways and means of mastery over the language. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/93 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/93/93

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/94 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

The Future of English and Teaching Alagammai, A. Abstract I think that English is one of the most difficult languages for a lot of people because grammar plays an important role then the Pronunciation, Stress, Rhythm, Intonation and very large vocabulary of words and latest trend in English is to find syllable and finding idioms and phrases so each and every part explain how it works in our part of life and I am going to explain among these following points to step ahead in future of English for that we have to teach them the simple present and present continuous and future tense Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/94 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/94/94

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/95 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

Feminist Atrocity in Minoritized literature Amandeep, Dr. Abstract This paper analyses how through the genre of Dalit stories that Dalit women write and bring forth their two-fold agony, one as a Dalit and another as a female. Dalit women suffer an additional layer of discrimination and violence on the basis of gender both by people of higher castes and within their own communities. The Dalit woman, as enfigured in the writings of Babytai Kamble, Janabai Girahe, Kumud Pawde, Shantabai Dani, Bama , and Viramma is the one who is hard-working, solitary, oppressed being, one who has to survive in the high-caste society as well as her own poverty-ridden, filthy, superstitious social environment. In this paper, I examine Eight Dalit women’s stories from Pan On Fire by Sumitra Bhave’s in Marathi and which are available in English translation by Gauri Deshpande. It discusses how these life stories could be used for our understanding of their challenges against upper caste social order. The paper would also touch upon the violation against Dalit women in the culture of globalization with detailed analysis on their socio economic condition, including the question of their right to livelihood. And lastly; the paper would describe incidents as well as local problems of Dalit women. Specifically, this study explores the nature and role of education and its relationship to empowerment on rural Dalit women. They are doubly oppressed by a patriarchal Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/95 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/95/95

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/96 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

“GENDER ROLES IN THE RENAISSANCE: ROLE PLAYING IN SHAKESPEARE’S AS YOU LIKE IT” Kumari, Nasib Abstract Shakespeare has remained popular over a number of centuries, his plays managing to retain a universal appeal and each generation taking a different understanding to apply to their own lives. Due to social and cultural changes, various interpretations have been made since the plays were first written. One of them that has been analyzed and re-interpreted is that of gender. The beginning of an understanding of gender during Shakespeare’s life is the patriarchal household which referred to the power of the father over all members of his household-not only his wife and children, but servants or apprentices in the sixteenth century. ‘As You Like It’ is one of Shakespeare's most highly regarded comedies and most frequently performed works which is Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/96 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/96/96

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/97 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

The Significance of The Title, Structure And Technique of The Novel The Shadow Lines By Amitav Ghosh Sreenathachary, Dr.V. Abstract Amitav Ghosh is significant among those talents who, in the 1980s, generated a wave of creative effervescence in Indian fiction in English, after the initial impetus given to it earlier by Mulk Raj Anand, Raja Rao, and R.K.Narayan. His body of work includes several other novels like In An Antique Land,(1993), The Calcutta Chromosome (1996), The Glass Palace (2000), The Hungry Tide (2004) and Prose Works like Dancing in Cambodia and At Large in Burma (1998), and The Imam and the Indian (2002). He has made several contributions to The New Yorker and given several interviews. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/97 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/97/97

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/98 2017-05-25T08:47:00Z OJS:ART driver

A REVIEW OF INDIAN ENGLISH LITERATURE Kumari, Nasib Abstract Indian English literature (IEL) refers to the body of work by writers in India who write in the English language and wIhose native or co-native language could be one of the numerous languages of India. It is also associated with the works of members of the Indian diaspora, such as V. S. Naipaul, Kiran Desai, Jhumpa Lahiri, Agha Shahid Ali, Rohinton Mistry and Salman Rushdie, who are of Indian descent. Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/98 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2014): Volume II Issue III July 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/98/98

oai:ojs2.www.ijellh.com:article/99 2017-05-25T08:50:14Z OJS:ART driver

English spoken by the Speakers of Dravidian Languages: A Ganta, Dr.Kiran Babu Abstract International communication happens in the most widespread language in the world which is English. It is clearly evident and inevitable that no two people pronounce exactly alike, because of various differences. Nevertheless RP English still serves as a standard model for educated people to learn pronunciation. The focus of the study is the speakers of major Dravidian languages. The four main languages of the family are Telugu, Tamil, Kannada and Malayalam which are spoken in their respective states. The existing phonemic inventory of those languages and the deviations seen in speakers of Dravidian languages are listed below. Phonemic symbols are taken from the IPA. It is found that the duration in diphthongs of Dravidian languages is lesser than the diphthongs of RP English. On the other hand consonants of Dravidian languages also have some deviations from the consonants of RP like alveolar sounds made retroflex, dental fricatives replaced by dental plosives. The importance of pronunciation and hindrances to achieve it are mentioned and few suggestions are given to help learners to learn pronunciation. Finally, it is concluded that as we take these steps to teach pronunciation to learners we can expect greater results in learners in the near future. Aim of the paper Smart Moves 2017-05-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/99 SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH ; Vol. 2 No. 4 (2014): Volume II Issue IV August 2014 2582-3574 2582-4406 eng https://ijellh.com/index.php/OJS/article/view/99/99

oai:ojs2.ijellh.com:article/100 2021-04-20T14:29:08Z OJS:ART driver

oai:ojs2.ijellh.com:article/101 2021-04-20T14:29:15Z OJS:ART driver

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